Nematode Genera Syngamus and Cyathostoma 
569 
process, set at an angle with the 
longitudinal axis- of the body. 
Habitat .—In the trachea of Tadorna 
iadorna L. 
There is no evidence to show that 
the buccal capsule of this species was 
examined otherwise than from the side, 
and for that reason the statement 
concerning the number of buccal teeth 
may be questioned. There are prob¬ 
ably six or seven teeth present, as in 
thq other species of the genus. The 
size given for the egg is ten times too 
large, according to the figure. The 
magnification as given on the plate 
gives a length of about 60 m. 
Cyathostoma lari E. Blanchard. 
Strongylus sp., Siebold, 1837, Arch. Naturg 
(Jabrg. 3) 1: 68. 
Cyathostoma lari E. Blanch., 1849, Ann. Sci. 
Nat. Zool. (Ill) 11: 183. 
Sclerostomo eyathostomum Dies., 1881, Syst. 
Helm., 2 : 306. (Cyathostoma lari E. Blanch, 
renamed.) 
Sclerostoma lari (Blanch.), Molin, 1861, Mem 
K. Inst. Veneto Sci. Lett. ed. Arti, Venezia 
(1860) 9: 861. 
Syngamus lari (Blanch.), Hansom, 1904. U. 
Dept. Agr. Bur. Anim. Indus. Bui. 60: 43 
figs. 38-40; Linst., 1909, Siisswasserf 
Deutschl., Heft 18, Parasit. Nematoden, p 
Body red in color, attenuated an¬ 
teriorly. Mouth opens into a pharyn¬ 
geal capsule, which is marked in front 
by an annulation. Esophagus is thick 
and muscular, and gradually increases 
in diameter posteriorly. Intestine 
rather sinuous, with thin, delicate walls, 
dark in color. 
Male 6 to 8 mm. long (according to 
Siebold). Body ends abruptly behind; 
membranous fanlike bursa with six rays, 
of which the middle rays are the most 
marked; two spicules of equal length. 
Testicle a single very wide tube, 
sinuous anteriorly. 
Female 6 to 13 mm. long by 0.5 to 
11 mm. thick. Body becomes gradu¬ 
ally thicker in the anterior third, then 
continues of equal thickness to the 
posterior extremity. Tail with slender 
conical tip. Cuticle finely striate. 
Esophagus equal to one-fifteenth of 
the body length. Ovaries two, widen¬ 
ing into capacious uteri, which unite 
to form a vagina of about 2 mm. in 
length. The latter gradually decreases 
in diameter toward the vulva, a large, 
prominent opening, with salient Ups, 
situated shghtly posterior to the middle 
of the body. 
Habitat .—In the nasal and orbital 
cavities of Larus ridibundus, Larus 
fuscus, and Larus sp. 
The above description is taken from 
Ransom’s paper and is a compilation 
of aU the available data. It is unfor¬ 
tunate that so little is known of the 
type species of this genus. 
Cyathostoma americana n. sp. (pi: 1, 
fig. 6, 7; pi. 3, fig. 21, 28). 
Male 12 mm. long, cyhndrical. 
anterior fifth somewhat attenuate; 
Buccal capsule about as wide as deep, 
internal transverse diameter 185 m 5 
depth of the chitinous portion 170 ju; 
wall of capsule 25 m thick. Buccal 
teeth six or seven in number, subacutely 
triangular in shape, occupying the entire 
floor of the capsule; teeth not con¬ 
tinued up the sides of the capsule in 
the form of ridges. The largest 
(lateral) teeth are about 57 m high. 
Head papiUae six in number, aU es- 
sentiaUy similar, arranged in a circle, 
the plane of which lies 60 m behind the 
anterior extremity. Each papilla ap¬ 
pears as a rounded knob, 10 m in 
diameter. Esophagus 730 m long, 
clavate, 74 m thick at the anterior end, 
130 m thick just before the esophago- 
intestinal valve, nerve ring at the 
middle of the length, cervical papilla 
at about posterior seventh of esophagus, 
excretory pore just before the beginning 
of the intestine. Entire cuticle of worm 
smooth, without transverse striations. 
Caudal bursa well developed, when 
spread 750 m in transverse diameter; 
ventral rays similar and approximate; 
externo-lateral shorter than other lat¬ 
eral rays and with a prominent ventral 
hump; medio-lateral and postero¬ 
lateral rays similar and approximate; 
externo-dorsal ray more slender than 
but equal in length to the externo- 
lateral ray, arising at the base of the 
dorsal ray. Dorsal ray divided near its 
extremity into two simple branches. 
Spicules filiform, equal, from 470 to 
490 y. long, each with a finely striated 
wing; spicules united at their tips. 
Gubernaculum present, 67m long. 
Female up to 30 mm. long, form 
similar to that of male. Buccal 
capsule much broader than deep; in¬ 
ternal transverse diameter 370 u', depth 
of chitinous portion 280 m; wall of cap¬ 
sule 20 m thick. Buccal teeth shorter 
and blunter than in male; largest tooth 
60 m high. Head papillae as in male; 
shghtly more anterior in location. 
Esophagus 960 m long, clavate, 130 m 
thick at anterior end, 250 m thick just 
before the esophago-intestinal valve; 
nerve ring at middle of length of 
esophagus; cervical papillae opposite 
the thickest portion of the esophagus; 
excretory pore near esophago-intestinal 
valve. Vulva just before the middle of 
the body; lips prominent. Anus just 
before the slender caudal appendage. 
Eggs 72 m X 42 m, thin shelled, with a 
small operculum at one pole. 
Host.—Buteo borealis. 
Location .—In posterior thoracic air 
sacs. 
