690 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXX, No. 7 
of infected blood in a syringe and 
transfer it to an animal and thus 
reproduce the disease it seems highly 
probable that a biting fly can achieve 
the same result. Occasionally droplets 
of blood have been seen on the skin of 
a horse, caused by the bite of a fly. 
There is apparently some relation also 
between the number of cases of the 
cacodylate, atoxyl, trypan-blue, try¬ 
pan-red, quinine, tartar emetic and 
various other compounds. Under criti¬ 
cal observations, however, all of these 
have failed. Nearly all of the known 
methods of treatment have been tried 
by the writer both in the field and in 
experimental cases. At no time has 
anything resembling a cure been found. 
Some known cases have lived for some 
time and been apparently well, but 
inoculations from them have shown 
that they were still carriers of the 
virus. In the light of our present 
knowledge of the disease, there might 
even be danger in attempting to cure 
disease in a given year and the number 
of flies, the more flies there are the 
more cases appear. 
CONTROL 
No satisfactory treatment for the 
'disease is known. Many investigators 
have tried various methods with no 
'uniform success. Some have recom¬ 
mended the use of such drugs as sodium 
Fig. 11.—Temperature record of animal No. 3038 
it, since cases supposedly cured might 
become sources of infection to other 
animals. ■ What is probably necessary 
is the immediate distraction of all 
suspected cases. Definitely diagnos¬ 
ing the disease by animal inoculation is 
a long and expensive process and is 
practically out of the question in rou¬ 
tine work. The control of biting flies, 
clean sanitary premises, and good 
hygienic surroundings for the horses 
are probably the greatest factors in the 
control of the disease. 
CONCLUSIONS 
There exists in Nevada a disease 
among horses which is apparently 
identical with that • known in other 
States and countries as infectious 
equine anemia, swamp fever, infectious 
anemia, etc. The disease is char¬ 
acterized clinically by irregularly re- 
mittant fever, rapid emaciation, marked 
loss of energy, depletion of red blood 
cells in most cases, edema, usually 
bloody nasal discharge, and eventually 
death. The mortality is nearly 100 
per cent, real recovery rarely, if ever, 
taking place. The disease is trans¬ 
missible to other horses by the in¬ 
jection of infected blood or splenic 
emulsion, the period of incubation 
being from about two weeks to several 
