768 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXX, No. 8 
maximum width. In immature speci¬ 
mens the oesophagus is relatively 
shorter and narrower (fig. 14), various 
gradations in length and width, de¬ 
pending upon the size of different speci¬ 
mens having been observed. 
Papillae.— While the number of 
papillae in the male of Ascaridia lineata 
is constant, the positions of the indi- 
Fig. 11 —Ascaridia lineata (original) from the 
chicken 
iKomiii 
Fig. 12 .—Ascaridia lineata (original) from the 
chicken 
vidual papillae with respect to one 
another and the direction of the first 
ventral and second lateral papillae are 
rather variable (figs. 4 to 13). It has 
already been pointed out that certain 
writers describe the first ventral papilla 
as lying in a transverse direction (figs. 
5, 6, and 7), whereas other observers, 
including Lane (6), have figured it as 
spherical (figs. 4 and 8). The present 
writer found that in most cases the 
first ventral papilla is transversely 
flattened, although in one immature 
specimen from the goose it was spherical 
in shape (fig. 9). With regard to the 
second lateral papilla, it was observed 
to be directed laterally in all specimens 
examined, save in one immature form 
from the goose, in which the papilla 
was directed ventrally (fig. 9). 
Other variations with regard to the 
papillae are as follows: The last two 
lateral papillae were found to be very 
close together in certain specimens and 
comparatively distant from each other 
in other specimens. In the middle 
group of papillae the three lateral 
papillae were found to be equidistant 
in some specimens, whereas in other 
Fig. 13 .—Ascaridia lineata (original) from the 
chicken, x., tip of spicule 
specimens the two anterior papillae of 
this group were close together and the 
most posterior papilla relatively dis¬ 
tant from the middle papilla. The 
lateral papillae also show considerable 
variation in size, relatively large papil¬ 
lae occurring in mature specimens and 
smaller papillae in very young speci¬ 
mens. The ventral papillae afford the 
same degree of variation as regards 
location, shape, and size, the latter 
variation being correlated with age. 
The first ventral papilla is considerably 
anterior to the sucker in certain speci¬ 
mens, whereas in others it is on a level 
with or somewhat anterior to the 
cephalad border of the sucker. The 
fourth ventral papilla is fairly constant 
in position, somewhat posterior to the 
