952 Journal of Agricultural Research v 0 i. xxx, No. 10 
dogs No. 674 (6 k.), 675 (6.5 k.), 676 
(6.5 k.), and 677 (6.5 k.). One ounce 
of castor oil was given at the same time. 
The worms passed during the next 4 
days, those present post-mortem, and 
the percentage of efficacy were as fol¬ 
lows: 
Dog 672 passed 7 hookworms and 
had 3 post-mortem (70 per cent), 
passed 27 whipworms and had 1 post¬ 
mortem (96 per cent), passed 0 Dipy- 
lidium and had 17 post-mortem (0 per 
cent). 
Dog 673 passed 0 hookworms and 
had 2 post-mortem (0 per cent), passed 
2 whipworms and had 26 post-mortem 
(7 per cent), and passed 0 Dipylidium 
and had 8 post-mortem (0 per cent). 
Dog 674 passed 0 worms and had 1 
hookworm, 17 whipworms and 1 Dipy¬ 
lidium sp., an efficacy of 0 per cent for 
hookworms, whipworms, and Dipylid¬ 
ium. 
Dog 675 passed 1 ascarid and had 0 
post-mortem (100 per cent), passed 1 
hookworm and had 1 post-mortem (50 
per cent), and passed 1 whipworm and 
had 0 post-mortem (100 per cent). 
Dog 676 passed 0 worms and had 
4 whipworms post-mortem; efficacy 0 
per cent for whipworms. 
Dog 677 passed 1 hookworm and 
had 0 post-mortem (100 per cent); 
passed 0 whipworms and had 101 post¬ 
mortem (0 per cent). 
The treatment removed 100 per cent 
of the ascarids present, 56 per cent of 
the hookworms present, 1.7 per cent 
of the whipworms present, and 0 per 
cent of the Dipylidium present. This 
represents no increase in anthelmintic 
efficacy over chenopodium alone. Con¬ 
sequently it appears that the solution 
in oil of an anthelmintic highly insol¬ 
uble in water does little in the way of 
rendering the dissolved chemical avail¬ 
able as an anthelmintic. 
CARBON TRICHLORIDE DISSOLVED 
IN CARBON TETRACHLORIDE 
As a final test carbon trichloride 
dissolved in carbon tetrachloride was 
administered at the rate of 25 gm. of 
the former in 100 c. c. of the latter. 
The protocols were as follows: 
Dog 665: 0.3 c. c. per kilo of solution 
in capsules; passed 2 hookworms, 
10 ascarids, and 16 whipworms; post¬ 
mortem, 4 whipworms; efficacy, 100 
per cent for hookworms and ascarids, 
and 80 per cent for whipworms. 
Dog 666: 0.3 c. c. per kilo in cap¬ 
sules; passed 1 hookworm and 4 whip¬ 
worms; post-mortem 5 whipworms; 
efficacy, 100 per cent for hookworms 
and 44 per cent for whipworms. 
Dog 667: 0.5 c. c. per kilo by 
capsule; passed 1 whipworm; post¬ 
mortem, 0 worms; efficacy, 100 per 
cent for whipworms. 
Dog 668: 1 c. c. per kilo by stomach 
tube; passed 2 hookworms and 15 
whipworms; post-mortem, 0 worms; 
efficacy, 100 per cent for hookworms 
and whipworms. 
Dog 670: 2 c. c. per kilo by stomach 
tube; passed 20 hookworms and 4 
whipworms; post-mortem, 0 worms; 
efficacy, 100 per cent for hookworms 
and whipworms. 
The solution of carbon trichloride 
in carbon tetrachloride was 100 per 
cent effective against ascarids in the 1 
case involved, 100 per cent effective 
against hookworms in the 4 cases 
involved, and 100, 100, 80, and 44 per 
cent effective against whipworms in 
the 4 cases involved. At the dose 
rate, which is equivalent to the ther¬ 
apeutic dose rate for carbon tetra¬ 
chloride (0.3 c. c. per kilo), the solution 
removed all the ascarids and hook¬ 
worms and 44 and 80 per cent of the 
whipworms. This is just about what 
would be expected from the carbon 
tetrachloride alone. In the higher 
rates the efficacy against whipworms 
rises, as it should theoretically, and as 
it does frequently in actual practice. 
Apparently the addition of the carbon 
trichloride to the carbon tetrachlo¬ 
ride does not add to or detract from 
the anthelmintic efficacy of the latter 
chemical. 
PATHOLOGY 
In order to obtain additional infor¬ 
mation, if possible, in regard to the 
solubility of carbon trichloride and 
also its possible toxic effects, portions 
of the liver and kidneys of dogs Nos. 
665, 666, 667, 668, and 670 (receiving 
carbon-trichloride crystals and after¬ 
wards carbon trichloride in carbon 
tetrachloride), and of No. 669 (receiv¬ 
ing carbon-trichloride crystals and 
afterwards carbon trichloride dissolved 
in castor oil), were submitted to the 
Pathological Division, Bureau of 
Animal Industry, for examination. 
These tissues were examined by G. T. 
Creech, who reported that he found in 
all of them lesions similar to those 
which have been described by various 
writers as following the administration 
of carbon tetrachloride. In the livers 
there was more or less capillary* con¬ 
gestion and the cells showed alterations 
varying from cloudy swelling to com¬ 
plete degeneration and atrophy of the 
cells. The kidneys showed hemor¬ 
rhages, especially in the cortical por- 
