650 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXXI, No. 7 
very similar to nuclei and lying close together. If two sporidia are 
to be formed in succession from a single cell, one nucleus must 
remain behind after the first sporidium has been supplied. So far, 
this process has not been demonstrated for the rusts, although it 
is well known in the smuts. Even though two or more sporidia 
should be formed on the outgrowth from the same cell in Gallowaya, 
that outgrowth can not be called a promycelium, nor the cell from 
which it arises a teleutospore. Cells of teleutospores are mother 
cells, with which reduction divisions are normally associated. In 
this genus there is a series of binucleated “ sporophy tic ” cells cut off 
from a fusion cell. Beginning with the oldest cell, the two nuclei 
fuse in regular order. The fusion nucleus in the oldest spore divides 
twice, a four-celled structure replacing the uninucleated cell. This 
may be sufficient evidence for assuming that the binucleated cells 
below are young spores and the uninucleated cells above them are 
certainly mature spores. Each four-celled structure is a protobasid- 
ium or internal promycelium. 
In characterizing Coleosporium, Arthur (3), On the basis of what 
was then known of the telial sorus, says: “Teliospores sessile (by 
successive formation and displacement due to lateral pressure often 
appearing catenulate and pedicellate) * * *. By “successive 
formation” is evidently meant either that a new basal cell displaces 
the one from which a spore has been cut off, or the original basal cell 
buds out from the side to form a new spore. It is difficult to under¬ 
stand how the former process could take place once the primordium 
was organized. As far as the writer is aware, no one has yet reported a 
Coleosporium in which the basal cell buds out to form a number of 
spores. It is certain that such methods of spore formation do not 
occur in Gallowaya. The pedicellate appearance of its spores is in 
part due to displacement ana lateral pressure, but its spores are never¬ 
theless borne in chains. If the more or less persistent sterile tissue, 
enveloping the uredo sori in Hyalopsora, Pucciniastrum, and Cro- 
nartium can be called a peridium, then the similar structure in Gal¬ 
lowaya must be referred to by the same designation. 
SUMMARY 
The mycelial hyphae of Gallowaya pinicola are composed of 
uninucleated cells. Aborted or vestigial spermogonia are sometimes 
developed between the mesophyll and the overlyinghypodermal tissue. 
Spermatia are seldom formed. 
The telial primordium first develops a buffer tissue composed of 
chains of cells, the terminal ones swelling or elongating somewhat, 
thus breaking open the overlying host tissues. 
Cell fusions occur between intercalary cells in the chains composing 
the primordium. The fusing cells are the third or fourth cells from 
the ends. 
Several binucleated cells are cut off above the fusion basal cell. 
These are at least potentially spores. Nuclear fusions occur in regu¬ 
lar order, beginning with the oldest binucleated cell. As the terminal 
spore germinates, the lower end of its cell wall swells and elongates, 
thus thrusting the protobasidium still farther out in the sorus. Not 
all of the cells in a chain necessarily function as spores. Some of 
them become disorganized, owing to excessive elongation. 
