934 
Journal of Agricultural Research 
Vol. XXXI, No. 10 
No data were obtained concerning the yield of. young or second- 
growth noble fir stands in the course of this study. 
The logging of noble fir of the extreme size found presents an 
enormous amount of waste caused mainly by breakage. This is 
unavoidable in many instances, although a great deal of care is 
exercised by the tree fallers in placing the trees in falling. In addi¬ 
tion to the breakage, considerable defect was found, especially in the 
larger sizes, in some instances necessitating culling of the butt log. 
Many of these large trees were found to be hollow on the stump, 
the rot extending up from 10 to 30 feet. Ring shakes were prevalent, 
scarcely any of larger trees being free of them. It is estimated that 
the deduction for defect and breakage would amount to from 20 per 
cent to 30 or 40 per cent of the total standing contents of the trees 
as given in Table VI. 
Table VI ,—Comparative volumes of noble fir and associating species 
Diameter at 
breast height 
Volume 
Diameter at 
breast height 
Volume 
Noble 
fii ® 
Douglas 
fir b 
Westero 
hemlock c 
Noble 
fir ° 
Douglas 
fir b 
Western 
hemlock* 
Inches 
30. 
32_ 
34_ 
36. 
38__ 
40... 
42_, .... 
44_ 
Bd.ft. 
2,220 
2,650 
3,100 
3,560 
4,040 
4,540 
5,070 
5,630 
Bd.ft 
1,250 
1,450 
1,690 
1,950 
2,275 
2,700 
A 120 
3,650 
Bd.ft 
1,830 
2,115 
2,450 
2,840 
3,255 
3,680 
4,095 
4,500 
Inches 
46-—. 
48.—-.- 
50__ 
52-.- 
54___ 
56... 
58.. 
60_ 
Bd.ft 
6,200 
6,840 
7,500 
8,180 
8,900 
9,630 
10,400 
11,170 
Bd.ft 
4,250 
4,800 
5,350 
5,875 
6,450 
7,050 
7,650 
8,300 
Bd.ft 
4,890 
5,255 
5,595 
5,920 
6,240 
6 ,560 
6,880 
7,200 
* Noble fir utilized to a 15-inch top diameter inside the bark. 
b Willamette Volume Table for Douglas fir. Trees utilized to a 10-inch top diameter inside the bark. 
c Western Washington Volume Table for western hemlock. Utilized to an 8-inch top diameter inside 
the bark. 
VOLUME 
Noble fir, due to its long cylindrical bole and thin bark, has a 
greater volume for its diameter at breast height than any of its asso¬ 
ciating species, with the possible exception oi western white pine. In 
Table VI a comparison of the board-foot contents of trees of equal 
diameter of noble fir, Douglas fir, and western hemlock shows plainly 
the greater volume of noble fir. The bark rarely exceeds 2 inches 
in thickness, averaging about 1inches on the stump for the larger 
trees. Douglas fir, on the other hand, has bark from 4 to 8 inches in 
thiclmess for corresponding sizes. The bark of hemlock is not any 
thicker than that of noble fir, but its bole is not nearly so cylindrical 
and the average length runs considerably less, which accounts for the 
smaller volume of hemlock for equal diameters. 
