77 
1903.] E. H. Walsh— Tibetan Language , 8f Recent Dictionaries . 
Dictionary, of which 23 are names of the various colours of a horse, and 
also 8 synonyms for “ horse ” are given. I have noticed the entries under 
this one word in detail, because being an ordinary word it serves as a 
typical example of the difference between the three dictionaries. In 
the case of words of a Religious or Philosophical meaning the articles 
in the present Dictionary are in most cases not merely an explanation of 
the word, but short essays on the subject. As typical examples of these 
I would cite the words I- gang-zag , “ an animated being ,” 
^I’«r II. theg-pa, u a method of doctrine, and rten hbrel , 
“ inter-dependence of causes .” In the case of names of places also, besides 
the reference, some information with respect to them is almost invari- 
ably given. 
To sum up, as a Dictionary of the literary language, no praise is too 
great both for the labour and research of the compiler; and for the care 
and sound judgment of the Revisers ; and the excellence of the result 
obtained well rewards them for their labours. The assistance given by 
Pandit Satis Chandra Acharya in the Revision of the Sanskrit syno- 
nyms has already been referred to; but a notice of the present Dictionary 
would be incomplete without a word of praise to two other collaborators 
whose names may be overlooked, as they do not appear in either the 
Authors or Reviser’s Prefaces, but whose aid is fully acknowledged in the 
Tibetan dedication on the Title pages—Lama Sherab Cyatsho, the late 
head Lama of the Ghoom Monastery, a Mongolian of great erudition in 
all Tibetan literature and lore; and also Rai Lama Ugyen Gyatsho 
Bahadur, originally a Lama of the Pemiongchi Monastery in Sikhim, 
and whose services were subsequently obtained when the Bhutea 
School in Darjeeling was founded, as its first Tibetan teacher, who was 
the companion of Rai Sarat Chandra Das iu both his journeys in Tibet, 
and who also materially assisted him in the compilation of the Dic¬ 
tionary. 
Before closing this reference to the existing dictionaries, a further 
tribute of appreciation and thanks is due from all students of Tibetan 
to M. Desgodins and the French missionaries before him, who since 1852 
have been steadily labouring to accumulate, test, and revise the material 
which has now been published in his Dictionary, and which has 
brought to light a great number of words and expressions not formerly 
ascertained or recorded. The authority for these necessarily rests on 
that of the compilers, but we may accept, their assurance in the Preface 
that no word has been admitted except after severe and repeated tests 
by independent persons, of its correctness and use. This Dictionary 
