122 M. Chakravarti— Eastern Gayga kings of Orissa. [No. 2, 
the statements of a contemporary, and, in one instance, of an eye¬ 
witness :— 
“In the year 641 H., the Rae of Jaj-nagar commenced molesting 
“the Lakhanawati territory; and in the month of Shawwal, 641 H. 
“ Malik Tughril-i-Tughan Khan marched towards the Jaj-nagar coun- 
“ try, and this servant of the State [Minhaj-i-Saraj, Jurjani] accom- 
“ panied him on that holy expedition. On reaching Katasin, which was 
“ the boundary of Jaj-nagar [on the side of Lakhanawati], on Saturday 
“ the 6th of the month of Zi-ka’dah 641 H., Malik Tughril-i-Tughan 
“ Khan made his troops mount, and an engagement commenced. The 
“holy-warriors of Islam passed over two ditches, and the Hindu infidels 
“took to flight. So far as they continued in the author’s sight, except 
“ the fodder which was before their elephants, nothing fell into the 
“ hands of the footmen of the army of the Islam, and moreover, Malik 
“ Tu gh ril-i-Tu gh an Khan’s commands were that no one should molest 
“the elephants, and for this reason the fierce fire of battle subsided.” 
“ When the engagement had been kept up until midday the foot- 
“ men of the Musalman army—everyone of them—returned [to the 
“ camp P] to eat their food, and the Hindus, in another direction stole 
“through the cane Jangal, and took five elephants; and about two. 
“ hundred foot and fifty horsemen came upon the rear of a portion of 
“ the Musalman army. The Muhammadans sustained an overthrow, 
“and a great number of these holy warriors attained martyrdom; and 
“Malik Tughril-i-Tughan Khan retired from that place without having 
“effected his object, and returned to Lakhanawati.” (p. 738). 
“ In the same year likewise [642 H.], the Rae of Jaj-nagar, in order 
to avenge the plundering of Katasin, which had taken place the preced¬ 
ing year, as has been already recorded, having turned his face towards 
Lakhanawati territory, on Tuesday, the 13th of the month of Shawwal. 
642 H., the army of infidels of Jaj-nagar, consisting of elephants, and 
joayiks [foot-men] in great numbers, arrived opposite Lakhanawati. 
Malik Tughril-i-Tughan Khan came out of the city to confront them. 
The infidel host, on coming beyond the frontier of the Jaj-nagar terri¬ 
tory, first took Lakhan-or; and Fakhr-ul-Mulk, Karim-ud-din, Laghri, 
who was the feudatory of Lakhan-or, with a body of Musalmans, they 
made martyrs of, and after that, appeared before the gate of Lakhan¬ 
awati. The second day after that, swift messengers arrived from above 
[the Do-abah and Awadh, &c.], and gave information respecting the 
army of Islam that it was near at hand. Panic now took possession of 
the infidels, and they decamped.” (pp. 739-40). 
This inroad up to Lakhanawati is also indicated in the following:— 
“The leader of the forces of Jaj-nagar was a person, by name, 
