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THE INDIAN ELEPHANT. 
Elepha3 Indicus. Native names : Hatlii , Hathni (female); Haust , Kash¬ 
mir ; Arunee , Southern India; Mongma , Garo; Miyaung , Cachar; Tsheng 
or Shank , Burma; Anay, Canarese ; Gaj, Beng. 
Habitat .—In the forest land of the Himalayas from Dehra Dun eastwards, 
in Assam, in the Western Ghauts, in Mysore and Travancore, and in the forest 
country between the Ganges and Kistna, and in Burma. 
Period of gestation .—Nineteen months; they breed in captivity quite 
freely when permitted opportunities of doing so. The young are generally born 
in the autumn, a single one as a rule, twins being very rare. The young at 
birth weighs about 200 lbs., and is about 3 ft. high. An elephant is full grown 
at 25 years of age, and lives in captivity to a hundred years, and probably half 
as long again in a wild state. 
Description .—In colour blackish grey throughout, the forehead, trunk and 
ears being often mottled flesh colour. It is almost hairless, but has two rows 
of coarse hairs at the tip of the tail, five toes or hoofs on each fore foot, four on 
each hind foot. The males are usually tuskers, tuskless males being called 
muknas. The elephant lives in herds varying in number from ten to a hundred. 
Solitary males and rogues are common, though rogues often belong to a herd. 
The leader of a herd is invariably a female, and different herds do not mix. 
