Appendix I. 
168 
Cunningham, Sir A. — Ladakh, Physical, with notices of surround¬ 
ing countries , 1854.—Contains tables of comparison of various Alpine 
(Himalayan) dialects. 
Court, M. A. (Ancien eleve de l’ecole Militaire de Saint Oyr, and 
in tbe army of tbe Maharajah of Lahore).— Alexander's exploits on the 
Western Banks of the Indus . Translated from the French for Journal 
Asiatic Society , Bengal, 1840. —His local information is based on the 
reports of men obtained at Peshawur to spy out the country secretly. 
He thinks the Mount Mahram, en route from Ashtnagar to Buner, 
and 12 koss from Ashtnagar, may be Mount Meros of Arrian, and Nyssa, 
the present Achtnaggar, though there are probabilities against it. 
It is said one Kirkat, a Kafir, once ruled the country near Dir, from 
■which the Kafirs were ejected by Mahomedans. 
It was reported to him that “ a city called Massanger, known also by 
the name of Maskhine, exists on the Southern Frontier of Kafiristan close 
to Baba Kara, 12 koss from Bajaor, and 4 koss from Mount Mahram. 
The tribe called Assaceni exists in that country.” 
Downes, E. (C.M.S., Peshawur.)— Kafiristan, an account of the coun~ 
try } Lahore, 1873. —Contains a collection of 170 words prepared from 
vocabularies by various persons. The dialect is not stated. The words 
differ considerably from my collection. 
Downes, E., and Johnson, E. C .— On the Sidh-posh Kafirs, Church 
Missionary Intelligencer, Volume X, 1874,— A summary of remarks on 
Kafiristan. The above contains hardly any words in any Kafir dialect. 
Eliot, Sir H. M. — History of India as told by its own historians, 
1871, Volume III, page 389, “ Malfuzai-i-Timuri.” —Shows the invasion 
of the country of the Kators and Siah-poshes from Paryan ; mentions one 
village named Shokal and another Jorkal. Their ruler is Adalshu or 
Udashu. Their language is distinct from Turki, Persian, Hindi, or Kash¬ 
miri. On reaching Khawak, Timur repaired an old fort. 
Timur* ordered an engraver in stone to cut an inscription somewhere 
on those defiles “ to the effect that T had reached this country by 
such and such a route in the auspicious month of Ramazan A. H, 
800 ” = May 1898. 
In Volume II, Appendix, page 407, he thinks the body of troops 
known as Kators, organised by the Ghaznivide Sovereigns, the Kators of 
Kafiristan, and the Kators of Kumaon may be connected. 
# In Colonel Tanner’s lecture on the Chuganis, (E.G.S., London), it is observed 
that it is quite impossible to make out the geography of Timur’s route* iu 
Kafiristan, 
