174 
Appendix I. 
the heart of Greek Kafiristan, discovered its inhabitants to be descend¬ 
ants of very ancient Greeks. The Kafirs are essentially pagan of the 
classical type, and more resemble Europeans than any Asiatic race. 
Ludwig, George Von —.—Travels through Upper Asia from Kashgar, 
Tasjibalyh, Bolor, BadaPhshan, Vakhan } etc. B.G.8., 1866 .—This work 
has been described by some noted geographers as untrustworthy. 
He gives certain Kafir words, e.g .— 
Imra amu, 
busibo, 
gabsu, 
danep, 
mar Up an, 
yashi , 
omimir. 
God’s house, Temple, 
bustard, 
copper. 
goat’s wool cloth, 
golden, 
jasper, 
spring fog. 
Imra bolli ! Gish bolli , exclamations. 
He mentions a dialect known as Gobi, 
He says he saw a stone pillar with an inscription on it in the valley of 
Luimka near Mustopan, (village of the Chashur Gobis). It is not stated 
what were the characters. Possibly this was not in Kafiristan. 
Lumsden, Sir H. B .—Mission to Gandahar, 1860 .—-This gives a list of 
about 1,500 or 1,600 words and 19 short sentences in the dialects of 
Traieguma * and Waigul. A great many differ from the Bashgali of my 
collection. The infinitive of the verb in his collection ends generally in 
n, but sometimes in m, h , i or h. This termination being rejected, a root is 
left which sometimes coincides with the root in my collection, such as that 
0 f,—“ to catch,” “beat,” “do,” “drink.” He says it is evident many 
of his words have Sanskrit roots. The article contains no grammar. 
McCrindle, J. W .—Ancient India as described by Ptolemy. Calcutta, 
1885 .—The Sakai were located east of the Sogdiani, under Mounts Askani- 
mia and Komedus, of which the ascent lies in 125°, 43°. Ptolemy describes 
them, (vide Ptolemy’s map No. 7), as nomadic, dwelling in woods and caves. 
Their tribes were the Karatai and Komaroi, both along the Jaxartes; Kome- 
daif residing in mountains; the Massagetai J along the range of the 
* Traieguma in his map is 16 miles north of Chigar Serai, and Waigul is 16 
miles further north. 
f Some say the Komedai whose valley was located in 130°, 39° were the ancestors 
of the Kafirs. A critic in the Times says the Kafirs may be identical with the Sibae 
of Strabo. See the article Sibae in Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by 
W. Smith, D.C.L., LL.D. 
J Mceso Gothic Maiza and Yuetchi Gstce. 
