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G. N. Dutt —History of the Hutwa Raj. 
[No. 2, 
him are still extant. We calculate his date, with a greater historical 
certainty, to be 1600 A.D., i.e ., the latter part of the reign of Akbar, 
when the great Financier Raja Todar Mall was Viceroy of Bengal and 
Behar and the division of the country into Parganas after a general 
survey was taken in band. Kalyan Mall must have greatly assisted 
Todar Mall in his undertakings, and in recognition of the services 
rendered by him the pargana Kalyanpur Kuadi, wherein his seat lay, 
was named after his capital and he was made a Maharaja by the Great 
Akbar. ( Vide Note on page 227.) 
The next, 87th Raja, was Maharaja Khemkaran Singh Shahi, 
Bahadur, who received both the title of “ Maharaja Bahadur” and 
“ Shahi ” from the Emperor of Delhi. This last patronymic is yet 
current in the family. His date we calculate to be 1625 A.D., in the 
latter part of the reign of Jahangir, when Behar enjoyed a degree of 
internal tranquility which had not fallen to its lot at any time previous 
to the Mahomedan couquest. In the days of Akbar, Jahangir, and 
Shah Jahan, we find the Hindu chiefs appointing their agents in the 
court of Delhi to protect and further their interest, to personally 
attend in the Emperor’s court, and to accept military and civil 
services under them; and some such meritorious services had enabled 
Khemkaran Shahi to get the double title of “ Maharaja Bahadur ” and 
“ Shahi ” (a word ofjpure Persian origin meaning ‘ of royal rank ’) and 
raised him to the 'highest pitch of honour he could aspire. The fact 
that the Majhowli chiefs received similar honours and that the 
Darbhanga and Bettiah Maharajas owe their origin to these Emperors 
of Delhi goes to corroborate our conclusion. 1 
Maharaja Khemkaran Shahi was equally blessed in the ramifica¬ 
tion of his issues. We find from the genealogical tree of the Hutwa 
Raj family, annexed herewith, that he had five sons and a brother and 
must have found the little fortress of Kalyanpur too small for him and 
very much unsuited to his present high position. So he must have 
shifted his capital from Kalyanpur to Husainpur, about 3 miles from 
Kalyanpur, and built an extensive fort there on a very imposing site 
and commanding position between the junctions of the two rivers Jharai 
and Shiahi, the last one now entirely silted up. Husainpur remained 
the seat of the Hutwa Maharajas till it was destroyed during the 
reign of Warreu Hastings in the rebellion of Maharaja Fateh Shahi, 
the 99th in descent, who had also enlarged the precinct of the fort by 
1 It is a noteworthy fact that the fonr quondam chiefs of Behar, Duraraon 
Bettiah, Darbhanga and Hutwa, received similar honour almost simultaneously from 
the British Government. They were all made Knight Commanders of the Indian 
Empire one by one. 
