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[No. 4, 
W. Irvine —The Later Muahals. 
and money for expenses, with many promises of future reward in 
addition to the release of Rajah Sambha’s wife and son. These 
promises included ratification of the treaty for a grant of the Ghauth , 
or one-fourth share in the revenues of the Dakbin, a grant of the 
SardesmnJchi or fen per cent, on the collections, and a confirmation of 
the hereditary Mahrattah territory, or Swa-rdj. Each Mahrattah 
trooper was to receive from the Viceroy’s treasure-chest half a rupee, 
or, as some say, a rupee a day. A number of zamindars and their 
levies also joined. The most disturbing rumours as to the fate of 
Qutb-ul-mulk, passed from mouth to mouth throughout Aurangabad. 1 
Consternation was produced in Farrukhsiyar’s mind by the news 
of Husain ’Ali Khan’s approach. Ikhlas Khan, who was supposed to 
have great influence with the Sayyad, was sent off at once to intercept 
him and persuade him to return. 2 Early in Safar 1131 H. (end of 
December, 1718) this envoy came up with Husain ‘All Khan in the 
neighbourhood of Mandu in §ubah Malwah. Instead of loyally execut¬ 
ing his trust, Ikhlas Khan employed his secret interviews with the 
Mir Ba Jchsh i in filling his mind with stories of the peril of his brother’s 
position, of the threatening assemblage of great nobles at Dihli, and 
of the overpowering influence acquired by 1‘tiqad Khan (Muhammad 
Murad). Instead of being appeased, Husain ‘All Khan was made only 
more eager than before to reach Dihli. At first, some danger was 
apprehended from the attitude assumed by Muhammad Amin Khan, Cin, 
governor of Malwah, then encamped near Ujjain. Nasir-ud-din Khan. 
Irani, superintendent of the viceroy’s stables, had been sent off to 
interview Muhammad Amin Khan and discover his intentions, when 
suddenly news was received that he had marched for Dihli without 
orders. 8 
1 G. Duff, 198, Khafi Khan, 11., 794. 
2 Khafi Khan, II., 799, says Ikhlas Khan started at the end of Shawwal 1130 
H. (24th September, 1718). This is too early to fit in with the other authorities. 
Kam Raj, ‘ lbratnamah , 65a, says Husain ‘All Khan was at Sarae Muhammad A‘zam 
Shah north of the Narbada river, when Ikhlas Khan joined him. He calls Ikhlas 
Khan the Mir Munshi, 
3 From Amin-ud-din’s letter to Ikhlas Khan, it would seem that on starting for 
Malwah, Muhammad Amin Khan had bragged much of the aid he would obtain 
from the Afghan chief, Dost Muhammad Khan (afterwards of Bhopal). Nothing 
came of these boasts. But he wrote to Dihli demanding impossible reinforcements 
in men and artillery and extravagant advances of money. His applications were 
rejected, and it was assumed at Dihli, as it turned out quite rightly, that he 
meant to beat a retreat. Probably he also received a summons from Farrukhsiyar 
to return to Court (See later on Section 33). Dastur-ul-Inshd, p. 53, Khafi Khan, 
II., 794-799, 800. 
