1904.] Sarat Chandra Das —The Hierarchy of the Dalai Lama. 91 
Kokonur. When this news reached Peking, Emperor Kanghi ordered 
that a child in whom the spirit of Nag-wang Lozang may be dis¬ 
covered should be reported to him. In 1703, Lhabzang, son of Talai 
Ratna Khan, declared himself ruler of Tibet. He dismissed the militia 
and raised an army from among the Tartars. His first act was to sur¬ 
round the residence of the retired Desrid , his former chief, with a number 
of armed men and to kill him with four hundred of his devoted followers, 
tn 1704, orders came from the Emperor to deport Tshang yang Gya-tsho 
to China. The faction in the Yellow-Church which was inimical to 
Lhabzang took immediate steps to elect a new Dalai Lama. They gave out 
that Kag-wang Lozang Gya-tsho, who was reported to have entered 
Samadhi, had actually died in the year 1681, and his spirit reappeared in 
one Pakar dsin-pa Ye-^es Gya-tsho in 1685, whose claim to the hier- 
archial throne was set aside by the Desrid. Pakar dsin-pa, who was an 
ordained monk of pure morals, was, however, was holding the office of 
the high priest of Dupung. Accordingly, they set him up as the real 
Dalai Lama in 1706, but the public hesitated to accept the new pretender 
as their grand hierarch. 
Lhabzang submitted to Chinese authority. The Lamas of the Yellow- 
Church were now on their wit’s end, being required to solve a problem of 
a novel nature. Emissaries were, therefore, sent to the different great 
monasteries of the Yellow-Church in search of a new incarnation of the 
Dalai Lama. Applications came from the parents of different child- 
pretenders to the exalted office, which were carefully examined. At last 
the real embodiment of the Dalai Lama was found at Kumbum—the 
birth-place of Tsong-khapa, the founder of the Yellow-Church. The 
council of Buddhist cardinals comprising of the abbots of Sera, Dapung 
and Gahdan, with the -Tashi Lama as president, on whom devolved the re¬ 
sponsibility of the right identification, resorted to all manner of religious 
rites and consultations with the gods for the purpose. All evidence 
having pointed towards and in favour of the discovery at Kumbum, in a 
child born in 1707, the matter was reported to the Emperor. Sanction 
Laving come, the princely child named Kalzang Gya-tsho was declared 
Dalai Lama, but, on account of his tender age, the child could not be 
brought in state to Tibet and installed on the throne of Potala. 
Kanghi, however, invested him with the insignia of an imperial order 
in 1709. But fresh dangers had in the meantime sprung forth which 
threatened Lhasa and also taxed the energies of the Emperor. 
Tshe wang Rabdan, the powerful chief of Chungar or the left branch 
of the CEleuth Mongols who had risen to eminence on the downfall of 
Gushi Khan’s kingdom, had espoused the cause of the Tibetans. The 
friends of Desrid Sangye Gya-tsho, with a view to avenge his death 
