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Records of the Australian Museum (2017) Vol. 69 
Figure 20. Janthina fossil localities in Japan. Symbols: A Janthina chavani, • Pliocene records of Janthina typical O, late Miocene 
records of Janthina typica. Localities: (1) Hatsuzaki, Hitachi City, Ibaragi Prefecture, Honshu; Hitachi Fm, Gelasian (J. chavani)-, (2) 
Okumotona, Chiba Prefecture, Honshu; Senhata Conglomerate, Messinian (J. typica)-, (3) Osozawa, Yamanashi Prefecture, Honshu; 
Osozawa Member of Akebono Fm, Zanclean (J. typica)-, (4) Iida, Shizuoka Prefecture, Honshu; Dainichi Fm, Gelasian (J. chavani, type 
locality of Parajanthina japonica), (5) Tombe and Nito, Kakegawa City, Shizuoka Prefecture, Honshu; Hijikata Fm, early Calabrian (J. 
chavani)-, (6) Tamari, Kakegawa City, Shizuoka Prefecture, Honshu; Tamari Fm, Zanclean (J. typica)-, (7) Tonohama, Kochi Prefecture, 
Shikoku; Ananai Fm, Gelasian (J. chavani)-, (8) Shimoyamaji, Saito City, Miyazaki Prefecture, Kyushu; Tsuma Fm, early Zanclean (J. 
typica)-, (9) Hioki, Miyazaki Prefecture, Kyushu; Takanabe Fm, late Piacenzian (J. chavani)-, (10) Tano, Miyazaki Prefecture, Kyushu; 
Tano Fm, Messinian (J. typica, type locality of Hartungia elegans). 
small (immature), the few relatively large shells also 
have taller spires than the older material. This material is 
reidentified here as J. chavani. Hitachi Formation, Hatsuzaki 
Group, zone N21, at Hatsuzaki, Hitachi City, Ibaragi 
Prefecture (Tomida & Itoigawa, 1989: 125, fig. 1; Noda et 
al, 1995); Ananai Formation, Tonohama Group, also zone 
N21, at Tonohama, Kochi Prefecture (Tomida & Kitao, 
2002: 159, fig. 1); Dainichi Formation, Kakegawa Group, 
also zone N21, at Higashigumi, Iida, Shizuoka Prefecture 
(type locality of Parajanthinajaponica, Tomida & Itoigawa, 
1982: 61, fig. 1A); Dainichi Formation, Kakegawa Group, at 
Nito, Kakegawa City, Shizuoka Prefecture (Nobuhara etal., 
1995); and Hijikata Formation, Kakegawa Group, lowermost 
zone N22, late Gelasian-Calabrian, at Tombe, Kakegawa 
City, Shizuoka Prefecture (Tomida & Itoigawa, 1984: 111, 
pi. 31, fig. 2a, b). Tomida et al. (2013: 60, figs 1, 3A-D) 
recorded another strongly sculptured specimen of J. typica 
from Tsuma Formation, Miyazaki Group, at Shimoyamaji, 
Saito City, Miyazaki Prefecture, Kyushu, a locality referred 
to planktonic foraminiferal zone N18 (early Zanclean, basal 
Pliocene). However, the two specimens recorded by these 
authors from higher in Miyazaki Group, from Takanabe 
Formation at Hioki, near the coast of Miyazaki Prefecture 
(Tomida et al, 2013: figs 1, 3E-L) have more exert spires 
and have weaker spiral sculpture on the sutural ramp than J. 
typica, and are also reidentified here as J. chavani. They were 
correlated with a position low in planktonic foraminiferal 
zone N21 (late Piacenzian). 
Japanese successions are dated with respect to Blow’s 
(1969) planktonic foraminiferal “N” zones, which were 
correlated rather imprecisely to the international Neogene 
stages by Hilgen et al. (2012: fig. 29.10). Japanese 
correlations of Blow zones also differ slightly from those of 
Hilgen et al. (2012). Briefer and more precisely correlated 
planktonic foraminiferal zones were established by Wade 
et al. (2011), but have not been adopted in Japan. Although 
obscured a little by relatively imprecise correlation with the 
European stage succession, the record of Janthina in Japan 
seems to match that in New Zealand and southern Australia. 
Janthina typica is recorded from late Messinian and Zanclean 
rocks and J. chavani is recorded from late Piacenzian, 
Gelasian and early Calabrian rocks in Japan. So far, there 
