186 
Records of the Australian Museum (2017) Vol. 69 
Ianthina africana Reeve, 1858: pi. 2, figs 8a-b. 
Ianthina balteata Reeve, 1858: pi. 3, figs lla-b; Lischke, 
1871: 168; Lischke, 1874: 53; Hedley, 1900: 141; 
Pritchard & Gatliff, 1900: 141; Martens, 1904: 142; 
Macpherson & Chappie, 1951: 124; Cotton, 1959: 376. 
Ianthina caeruleata Reeve, 1858: pi. 2, figs 7a-b; Benson, 
1860: 412; Whitelegge, 1889: 261. 
Ianthina casta Reeve, 1858: pi. 1, figs 4a-b. 
Ianthina depressa Reeve, 1858: pi. 3, figs 14a-b. 
Ianthinafibula Reeve, 1858: pi. 4, figs 17a-b. 
Ianthina grandis Reeve, 1858: pi. 1, figs 3a-b. 
Ianthina involnta Reeve, 1858: pi. 3, figs 12a-b. 
Ianthina roseola Reeve, 1858: pi. 1, figs la-b. 
Ianthina smithiae Reeve, 1858: pi. 3, figs 15a-b; Benson, 
1860: 410; Macpherson & Chappie, 1951: 124. 
Ianthina trochoidea Reeve, 1858: pi. 2, figs lOa-b; G. B. 
Sowerby II, 1882: 50, pi. 444, fig. 15. 
Janthina (lodes) balteata Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 274. 
Janthina (lodes) smithiae Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 274. 
Janthina (lodes) planispirata A. Adams & Reeve.-Morch, 
1860: 274. 
Janthina (lodes) costae Morch, 1860: 274. 
Janthina (lodes) caeruleata Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 275. 
Janthina (lodes) depressa Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 275. 
Janthina (lodes) casta Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 275. 
Janthina (lodes) britannica Forbes & Hanley.-Morch, 
1860: 276. 
Janthina (lodes) paenicephala Peron.-Morch, 1860: 276 
(incorrect subsequent spelling of J. penicephala Peron 
& Lesueur). 
Janthina (Achates) fibula Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 277. 
Janthina (Achates) violacea Roding-Morch, 1860: 277. 
Janthina (Achates) carpenteri Morch, 1860: 277. 
Janthina (Achates) orbignyi Morch, 1860: 277. 
Janthina (Achates) fragilis Lamarck-Morch, 1860: 278. 
Janthina (Achates) roseola Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 278. 
Janthina (Achates) trochoidea Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 278. 
Janthina (Achates) affinis Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 278. 
Janthina (Achates) africana Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 279. 
Janthina (Achates) grandis Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 279. 
Janthina (Achates) involuta Reeve.-Morch, 1860: 279. 
Janthina ianthina { Linnaeus).-Angas, 1867: 230. 
Ianthina rotundata Leach.-Jeffreys, 1867: 186, frontispiece, 
pi. 3, fig. 1; Watson, 1886: 134. 
Janthina balteata Reeve.-Kiister, 1868: 9, pi. 2, fig. 4; 
Martens, 1904: 142; Suter, 1913: 298, pi. 44, fig. 10; 
Bucknill, 1924: 49, pi. 5, figs 18-18a; Okutani, 1956: 43, 
text-figs 3-10; Kira, 1962: 30, pi. 14, fig. 23. 
Janthina planispirata A. Adams & Reeve.-Kuster, 1868: 8, 
pi. 2, fig. 3; Iredale & McMichael, 1962: 49. 
Janthina depressa Reeve.-Kuster, 1868: 8, pi. 2, fig. 9. 
Janthina casta Reeve.-Kuster, 1868: 8, pi. 2, fig. 8. 
Janthinafibula Reeve.-Kuster, 1868: 9, pi. 2, fig. 5. 
Janthina trochoidea Reeve.-Kuster, 1868: 8, pi. 2, figs 1-2; 
Cossmann, 1925: 157, pi. 6, figs 1-2. 
Janthina africana Reeve.-Kuster, 1868: 8, pi. 2, figs 10-11. 
Ianthina ianthina Linnaeus.-Hutton, 1873a: 6; Iredale, 1910: 
71; Hedley, 1916: 192; Morton, 1954: 166, figs la-c; 
Cotton, 1959: 376; Salvat & Rives, 1975: 273, fig. 77. 
Janthina bicolor Menke.-Monterosato, 1878: 95; Thiele, 
1892: 590, pi. 23, fig. 2. 
Janthina bicolor var. conica Monterosato, 1878: 95. 
Janthina bicolor wax. major Monterosato, 1878: 95. 
Janthina bicolor var. minor Monterosato, 1878: 95. 
Janthina rotundata Leach.-Monterosato, 1878: 95. 
Jodes bicolor (Menke).-Monterosato, 1884: 105. 
Ianthina fragilis var. planispirata A. Adams & Reeve. - 
Tryon, 1887: 36, pi. 9, figs 94-98. 
Ianthina fragilis var. britannica (Leach) Jeffreys.-Tryon, 
1887: 37, pi. 9, figs 100.1-5, pi. 10, figs 6-9. 
Janthina smithiae Reeve.-Melvill & Standen, 1901: 172. 
Janthina auriculata Martens, 1904: 142, pi. 4, fig. 15. 
Janthina costae Morch.-Martens, 1904: 142. 
Janthina fragilis var. planispirata A. Adams & Reeve. - 
Hutton, 1904: 80. 
Ianthina janthina Linnaeus.-Laursen, 1953: 15, figs 14-18, 
pi. 1, fig. 1; Macpherson & Gabriel, 1962: 118, fig. 145. 
Janthina violaceae [sic] Roding.-Macpherson, 1958: 33, 
fig. 29.5. 
Janthinajanthina Linnaeus.-Berry, 1958: 27; Kira, 1962: 30, 
pi. 14, fig. 22; Bennett, 1966: 40, pi. 8, figs 1-3; Morton 
& Miller, 1968: 472, fig. 175.4; Keen, 1971: 442, fig. 688; 
Kuroda etal., 1971: 245, pi. 62, figs 9-10; Cernohorsky, 
1972: 197, pi. 3, fig. 8; Abbott, 1974: 113, col. pi. 3, fig. 
1178; Powell, 1976: 107, pi. 1, fig. 8; Kay, 1979: 158, 
fig. 55B; Powell, 1979: 254, pi. 48, fig. 20; Rehder, 1980: 
53; Fretter & Graham, 1982: 392, fig. 279; Kilburn & 
Rippey, 1982: 79, fig. 39, pi. 11, fig. 18; Wells & Bryce, 
1986: 60, fig. 152; Wilson, 1993: 281, pi. 44, figs 36a-b; 
Rios, 1994: 101, pi. 33, fig. 413; Bosch etal, 1995: 111, 
fig. 440; Giannuzzi-Savelli et al., 1999: 50, 51, fig. 92; 
Smith, 1998: 813, figs 15.151A, D-F; Okutani, 2000: 
319, pi. 158, fig. 1; Redfern, 2001: 75, pi. 36, fig. 314A; 
Ardovini & Cossignani, 2004: 136; Morley, 2004: 102, 
back cover; Robertson, 2007a: 5, fig. 3; Beu & Marshall, 
2008: 285; Poppe, 2008: 722, pi. 306, figs 4a-b; Spencer 
et al., 2009:206; Raven & Bracegirdle, 2010:28, top right 
fig.; Willan etal., 2010: 386, text-fig.; Luque, 2011: 209, 
text-fig.; Grove, 2011: 40, pi. 18, fig. 10; Severns, 2011: 
198, pi. 82, fig. 2; Hernandez etal, 2011: 98, figs 30E-H; 
Janssen, 2012: 24, figs 7A-B. 
Janthina (Jodes) bicolor Menke.-Priolo, 1959: 185. 
Janthina violacia [sic] Roding.-Penniket & Moon, 1970: 
24, pi. 9, fig. 3. 
Janthina (Janthina) janthina Linnaeus.-Higo etal, 1999: 173. 
Type material. Laursen (1953: pi. 1, fig. 1) illustrated the 
four syntypes of Helix janthina in Linnaeus’s collection held 
by the Linnean Society of London. Linnaeus’s collection is 
stored in the Linnean Society’s rooms in Burlington House, 
London, and is not registered. Laursen discussed the identity 
of these and the two specimens in UPSZTY that formerly 
belonged to Queen Louisa Ulrika (Laursen, 1953: 17, pi. 
1, fig. 2). He recognized that the specimens in London are 
Janthina janthina whereas those in Uppsala are J. globosa. 
In the text Laursen (1953: 17) briefly discussed the identity 
of Linnaeus’s specimens, noting that “Specimen no. 7 in 
fig. 15 is identical with the type represented in plate 1, fig. 
1, middle”. However, this seems to mean “type” in the 
sense of “a syntype” or “a type of specimen” in general, 
rather than “the type specimen”, as Laursen (1953: 17) 
provided the following caption to fig. 15: “ Ianthina janthina 
(Linne). Variations in the shape of the shell from the type 
specimen, no. 3, towards the trochoid forms (2-1) and 
the flattened forms (4-12), respectively. Linne’s original 
material further includes nos. 7 and 12”. It is clear from 
this that the specimens shown in Laursen’s (1953: figs 1.3, 
1.7 and 1.12; Fig. 33) are three of Linnaeus’s four syntypes 
held by the Linnean Society of London. This mention in 
the caption possibly qualifies as a valid designation of 
the specimen in Laursen’s (1953: fig. 15.3) illustration 
as the lectotype of Helix janthina Linnaeus, 1758 under 
ICZN Article 74.5, as (a) it is clear from the discussion on 
this page and in the caption to Laursen (1953: pi. 1) that 
Laursen was aware that Linnaeus’s syntypes included two 
