192 
Records of the Australian Museum (2017) Vol. 69 
lanthina capreolata Montrouzier.-Cotton, 1932: 537; Cotton 
& Godfrey, 1932: 36; Cotton & Godfrey, 1938: 16; 
Kershaw, 1955: 312; Cotton, 1959: 376. 
Iodina capreolata (Montrouzier).-Iredale & McMichael, 
1962: 49. 
Janthina (Violetta) exigua Lamarck.-Higo et al. , 1999: 173. 
Type material. Janthina exigua , 3 syntypes MHNG1094/80 
examined, now catalogued as MHNG-INVE51377, without 
locality; all are conspecific and agree with Laursen’s 
(1953) and all later interpretations of J. exigua. However, 
as with J. communis , Rosalie de Lamarck’s annotation on 
Lamarck’s copy of Animaux sans vertebres states that there 
is only one specimen in Lamarck’s collection, so at least 
two and conceivably all three of these specimens are not 
original syntypes, although it is not possible to determine 
which is (Y. Finet, MHNG pers. comm. 27 Sep 2012). Two 
of the syntypes were illustrated by Mermod (1953: 201, 
figs 200.1-2), who described their angulated axial ridges 
commarginal with the mid-whorl sinus, and commented on 
the difficulty of matching any of them with the poor drawings 
in Lamarck (1816: pi. 456, figs 2a-b). The writer is not aware 
of the location of any type material of Janthina incisa , from 
Senegal; possibly in Philippi’s collection in Museo Nacional 
de Historia Natural, Santiago, not available for consultation, 
so a new type is not designated here. 
The term “aucta” in G. B. Sowerby I’s (1822: second 
lanthina p., pi. 191, fig. 3) caption to his second illustrated 
specimen of Janthina exigua does not constitute the proposal 
of a species-group name, but indicates that the illustration 
is enlarged. In an identical case, Petit (2009: 192, taxa note 
27) stated that “The position taken here is that “ aucta ” is a 
descriptive term (= enlarged) and not an available name”. 
The drawings in Reeve (1841-1842, vol. 2: pi. 205) are 
republications of the illustrations in G. B. Sowerby I (1822: 
pi. 191), and the term “aucta” appears in Reeve (1841-1842: 
pi. 205) also, at the bottom edge of the plate. 
Janthina nana J. E. Gray (1850: 9, 101; caption to M. 
E. Gray 1842: pi. 48, figs 3-4) refers to an illustration by 
“Quoy, Voy. Astrol. t. 29, f. 5, 6”, which shows a crudely 
drawn specimen of J. exigua from the Atlantic Ocean. 
Quoy & Gaimard (1833: caption to pi. 29) identified this 
specimen with the vernacular name “Janthine naine”, 
as pointed out by Morch (1860: 281; as “nain”, sic), so 
Gray merely Latinized Quoy & Gaimard’s species name. 
Lamarck (1922: 206) earlier provided J. exigua with the 
vernacular name “Janthine naine”, so Quoy & Gaimard 
were repeating Lamarck’s vernacular name. The specimen 
of J. exigua illustrated by Quoy & Gaimard (1833, pi. 29, 
figs 5-6) is the holotype of J. nana. However, this specimen 
is not recognisable in MNHN (P. Bouchet, MNHN, pers. 
comm. 5 Apr 2016), so the largest syntype of J. exigua 
in MHNG-INVE51377 is here designated the neotype of 
Janthina nana Gray, 1850. Petit (2012: 76) apparently was 
not aware of the publication of the name Janthina nana by 
Gray (1850: 101) and attributed the name to Couffon & 
Surrault (1909: 57), where it is a nomen nudum. 
Janthina capreolata , two lots of two specimens each in 
MNHN formerly were considered syntypes (Fischer-Piette 
1950: 18), but as Montrouzier (1860: 114) stated that the 
types were in “ma collection Musee de Bordeaux, 4 ex.”, the 
MNFIN specimens are not syntypes; 3 remaining syntypes 
MHNB2004.TY. 160.0; photographs of MFFNB syntypes 
sent 21 Sep 2012 (pers. comm. L. Charles, MFFNB, and V. 
Heros, MNFIN); from Art Island, New Caledonia. Janthina 
vinsoni, no type material in either MNHN or Universite 
Lyon-1, where most of Deshayes’s collection is stored 
(V. Heros, MNHN, pers. comm. 21 Sep 2012; E. Robert, 
Universite Lyon-1, pers. comm. 02 Oct 2012), location 
unknown; from Reunion. Janthina courcellei , empty box 
in typotheque, MNHN, labeled “type perdu”, apparently 
long lost; from Orange Bay, Tierra del Fuego. The largest 
syntype of Janthina exigua , MFFNG-INVE51377, designated 
above as the neotype of J. nana , is here also designated 
the neotype of both Janthina vinsoni Deshayes, 1863 and 
Janthina courcellei Mabille & Rochbrune, 1889, in order to 
identify these names permanently with the present species. 
Other material examined. Present-day samples from Australia and New 
Zealand: Australia: Western Australia : Cable Beach, Broome (NMV); 
Duke of Orleans Bay (AMS); Bunbury (AMS); Leighton (WAM); Point 
Peron, Fremantle (WAM.699/70-38, WAM.366/40, WAM.589/91-38); City 
Beach, Perth (AMS); Esperance (SAM, NMV); King George Sound (SAM); 
Albany (SAM); Rottnest I. (SAM); 300 fms, 120 mi W of Eucla (SAM); 
Ellensbrook Beach (SAM). South Australia: Coorong (SAM); Grange 
(SAM); Edithburgh (SAM); 165,240 & 550 m, off Cape Jaffa (SAM); 190 
m, 56 km SW of Neptune I. (SAM); Victoria: Portland (NMV); Mordialloc 
(NMV); Mallacoota (NMV, AMS); Wamambool (NMV); Curdie’s Inlet 
(NMV); New South Wales: Newcastle (SAM); Cronulla (NMV); Port 
Stephens (NMV); Bondi, Sydney (NMV); Curl Curl Beach, Sydney 
(AMS); Collaroy Beach, Sydney (AMS); C83049, Botany Bay (AMS); 
Terrigal (AMS); C67422, Maroubra Beach (AMS); Stockton Beach, Port 
Stephens (AMS); C40693, South Ocean Beach, Bermagui (AMS); Cl 1240, 
Wollongong (AMS); Tasmania: Tasmania (WAM, NMV, NMNZ); Cl2904, 
Flinders I. (AMS); Queensland: Point Lookout, Stradbroke I. (AMS). 
Lord Howe Island: C59571 (AMS); Norfolk Island: C59409 (AMS); 
Kermadec Islands: Raoul I. (NMV; C36654, AMS; NMNZ M202863, 
12; M272663, many). 
New Zealand: NW of Three Kings Islands (NMNZ M109274,2; M308654, 
8); Middlesex Bank, NW of Three Kings Islands (NMNZ Ml 12779, 1); 
37-39 km SW of Great King, Three Kings Islands (NMNZ M094277, 1; 
M308655, 5; M308656, 1); W Norfolk Ridge, W of Cape Reinga (NMNZ 
M171012, 1; M171907, 3; M172329, 17); Cape Maria van Diemen 
(AWM30649); Spirits Bay (NMNZ M020279, 3); Ahipara Beach (GNS 
Suter colln, S2388, 7); Bayleys Beach, Dargaville (NMNZ M299995, 
100); Cavaili Islands, Whangaroa (NMNZ M308653, 1); Maro Tiri I„ 
Hen and Chickens Islands (GNS RM2672, 2); Bream Head, Whangarei 
(AWM18335); Leigh, N Auckland (NMNZ M087156, 20); Anawhata 
Beach, W Auckland (GNS RM5864, 60; RM6014, 5); Bethells Beach, 
W Auckland (NMNZ M016291, 12; M087157, 500; M308658, 40); Piha 
Beach, W Auckland (GNS RM5311,100; NMNZ M087158,300); Muriwai 
Beach, W Auckland (GNS RM332,20; AWM18136; NMNZ M02762, 50; 
M087159,1000; M145116,100); Whatipu, Manukau Harbour, WAuckland 
(NMNZ M087155, 20); Mokohinau Islands (GNS Suter colln, SI658, 7); 
Kaitoke Beach, Great Barrier I. (NMNZ M087153, 5); W coast Awhitu 
Peninsula, SW of Waiuku, W Auckland (NMNZ M277699, 5; M277701, 
many; M277703, many; M277705, 1; M277707, 1; M277709, many; 
M277740, 3; M277741, 4); Matakana I., Bay of Plenty (AWM42757); 
Papamoa Beach, Bay of Plenty (NMNZ M120141, 4); Boulder Bay, 
Motuhora I., Whakatane (NMNZ M 033166, 20); Opotiki, Bay of Plenty 
(GNS RM331, 4); Te Kaha, Bay of Plenty (NMNZ M040065, 6); E of Te 
Araroa, East Cape (GNS RM4899, 3); Wainui Beach, Gisborne (NMNZ 
M308657, 4); Waimarama, Hawke’s Bay (GNS RM334, 11); Nukumaru 
Beach, Whanganui (GNS RM5626, 100); Whanganui (GNS RM4053, 1); 
Otaki Beach, W Wellington (AWM18344); Waitarere Beach, Levin (GNS 
RM2967, 42; NMNZ M011127, 11); Waikanae Beach, W Wellington 
(NMNZ M01154, 15; M018897, 50; M160084, 100; M303125, 40; 
M308027, 400; GNS RM5852, 2360; RM5845, 300; RM5894, 100); 
Pukerua Bay, W Wellington (NMNZ M02760, 30); Porirua Harbour 
mouth (GNS RM4041, 1); Titahi Bay, W Wellington (NMNZ M02759, 
20; M06945, 50); Lyall Bay, Wellington (NMNZ M087154, 7); Ocean 
Beach, Farewell Spit (NMNZ M023154, 9); Carters Beach, Westport 
(GNS RM5318,20); Mason Bay, Stewart I. (AWM; NMNZ M019480,15; 
M020278,3); Chatham Islands (AWM16405; NMNZ M03853,2; M05090, 
3; GNS Suter colln, S2387, 8); Kaingaroa Beach, Chatham Islands (NMNZ 
Ml 10413, 8); Te Whakaru, Chatham Islands (NMNZ M013073,2); beach 
NW coast of Mangere I., Chatham Islands (GNS RM6013, 42). 
