5(3 MAGAZINE OF SCIENCE AND ART. 
now remains to thn public—a prndfice p.irticiil.wly 
observable in our water-fronts, and which doubtless 
has inflicted on tho public health and comfort, as 
well as our commercial and general interests, an 
incalculable amount of irretrievable injury. 
But to return. The wharf itself would, perhaps 
as I have before suggested, have been improved had 
it been somewhat raised above its present level; but 
whether that would have been so or not, doubtless 
the west side, together with the contiguous portion 
of the head of tho “Quay," ought to have been 
three or four times its present width, while Bridge- 
street, together with the lower border of • Mac¬ 
quarie Place.'' if solelv for the sanitary purposes of 
drainage, should have been raised, even yet, some 
12 H, or 16 feet, to the great improvement, parti¬ 
cularly in a sanitary point of view, not merely ot 
this spot, hut for reasons already fully explained, of 
^Darling Harbour and Blnckwattle Swamp, or 
.lohnston's Bay. Both of these important waters 
have been sadly victimised, partly by utter neglect, 
during the last half century. Tho soil of our streets 
—the contents of our drains-the offal from uur 
abattoirs, having been, up to the present moment, 
allowed full access to their basins, while, m addition, 
individuals have been permitted to construct cause¬ 
ways and wharves, extending into them to auy dis¬ 
tance, and in any fashion they p eased—whence, 
about one-fourth of their water area has been already 
replaced by dry land or mud flats, and spots for in¬ 
stance Dixon’s Wharf, accessible some 30 years 
since ’to vessels of considerable draught of water 
are now too shallow eveu fur boats; while, in a sani¬ 
tary noint of view, they havo become, no doubt, 
highly injurious. Uero the “ dredge," followed with 
the usuil preventives against the recurrence of 
such a stato of things, would have been the primary 
resouroe together with the water-line border, ex- 
tending alon£ the head of both these Bays, and somo 
portion of their side shores ; and this surmounted 
with a plateau or terrace, stretching lengthwise 
through some small portion of “ Sussox-streot 
South ” George-strcet South,” nnd on a lino with tho 
entire’ length of " Parramatta-strect," to tho com¬ 
mencement of tho “ Glebe"-whi o spreading out in 
breadth, through the present “ Cattle or Hav .Mar¬ 
ket,” including the whole ot the extreme Southern 
portion of Pitt-strcet, Castlereagh-street, and Eliza 
beth-street, Chippendale, and some portions of Bed 
fern to the conterminous heights of Surry-hills, 
with which they would have been made to blend. 
The head of Darling Harbour might then have been 
converted into a hath for females, or should it have 
been thought preferable, into a • Circular Quay, 
possiblv something like that at tho bead of Sydney 
Cove. ' While Johnstou’s Bay, the whole, or nearly 
the whole of it, would have baen douicated, when 
fully reclaimed and purified, to the purposes of a 
bath, for the south end, or, ere long, the central 
regions, of the city, similar to those proposed for 
thS north end, and, as a bath, in every respect, quite 
equal to them. 
Before quitting this part of the subject, it is ne¬ 
cessary to observe that " Double Bay and Bose 
Bay " from their proximity to tho city, would de¬ 
mand a management, in many respects, analogous 
to that which has already been so fully described. 
The impurity of the air from these spots (though 
doubtless of bite somewhat improved by cultivation) 
is still not (infrequently perceptible, even as far as 
up to the very heights of “ Waverley. 1 \\ hile tho 
air of “ Rose Bay” with that of" Double Bay not 
only destroys to a great extent the salubrity of each 
Of tlieso localities, but must tend to vitiate, or ren¬ 
der less fresh and pure, the air of a large portion of 
the old “ South Head” road, not to mention the 
lone line of road immediately bordering upon their 
shores, matters in neither case, in a sanitary point 
of view, to bo overlooked. 
Taking it now for granted, that the entire mara- 
timo borders of the city, as above described, 
had been divested, or had been prepared for being 
divestod, of all sources of mephitic pollution, and 
that the corresponding line of coast forming tilts 
north shore, together with the inland or southern 
suburbs* had received any little attention that they 
could by any possibility require; tho next step 
would be the “ Ventilation" of the city. The con¬ 
struction and arrangement of a system of air chan¬ 
nels, for conducting the currents of air, now 
purified, os far as possible, throughout the entire 
city; and fortunately for this purpose, Sydney is, 
in a peculiar manner, well suited, inasmuch as this 
object might havo been readily and largely pro¬ 
moted. 
1st. By tho mero contrivance of a main central 
air-conductor or ventilator, consisting of a chain of 
open spaces, extending link by link about N. and S. 
the entire length of the present and future city. 
Several of the very links of this chain, which might 
have been selectod as such, actually exist up to tho 
present moment, but which year by year are becom¬ 
ing less perfect, as, for instance —the " Xiar- 
bo"ir,” then the “ Domain," bordered and indented 
by the Harbour, witli two or three of its many 
branches or forks ; then, immediately joining the 
latter, without let or hindrance of auy kind, “ Hyde 
Tark ” freed, as wo will suppose, from the obstruc¬ 
tion of all superfluous buildings, such, for instance, 
as tho “convict barracks,” and extending in ono 
wide open space, as far as the W. side of Castle- 
reagli-strcet South, thence through the cattle mar¬ 
ket " the “ Cleveland Haddocks,” both considerably 
raised as already proposed, abovo their present very 
obiectionablo levels; next, the contiguous “ sand 
hills ’’ at the rear of tho ABylum ; then Grose 
Farm " divided from the proceeding locality only by 
tho intersection of the “ Newtown Road ; tho basin 
of Groso Farm having been, as elsewhere suggested, 
converted into a reservoir, for the supplying of the 
citv at all times with an abundance of a clear, pure 
water if only as a beverage. Immediately attached 
to the S. border of “ Groso Farm" might have ap. 
nortained a strip of land, of about the present 
M-eadth of Hyde Park, extending about S„ and in¬ 
cludin'* a space of some 300 acres, consisting prin¬ 
cipally of that broad, fiattish slight elevation, which 
traverses successively several of the estates in that 
direction. This might havebeen applied, with great 
and dailv increasing advantage, to the purposes of a 
central Necropolis, for which the soil here, as well 
as the position, would have particularly rendered 
it desirable. Bordering the S. end of the “ Necro¬ 
polis ” next would come an open reserve, of about 
1000 acres, to be converted, by and by, into a park, 
and which would constitute very possibly, at least 
for tho present, tho last link in this extensivo un¬ 
broken chain of ventilation, Tho above arrange¬ 
ment divides Sydney into two extensive regions, E. 
and Vf., and while the uninterrupted succession of 
the several links of this main ventilator would afford 
to “ central Sydney,” and its immediate vicinities, 
an abundance of “constitution” promenades, it 
would prevent those accumulations of confined air 
which at present so damage our fine climate. 
The residue of tho internal ventilation-appendages 
of the citv would consist of its streets, squares, and 
its other open spaces. With this view, and partly 
from consideration to the lay of the ndges on which 
it is built, tho N. nnd S. streets would, perhaps, 
have extended, nearly as they do at present, distant 
from each other from 200 to 300 feet; the cross 
streets also, as they do now K. and W., blit in both 
instances very greatly increased m breadth, so that 
no street in the city would have been of less width 
than 70 or 80 feet, and some few of the more im¬ 
portant thoroughfares, from 100 to 120 or 130 feet, 
with the utter exclusion, in every part of the city, 
of all lanes or alleys. Some of the broadest of the 
