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WINTER-THE KIRKWOOD. CAMDEN. SOUTH CAR OILMEN A 
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217 OCEAN AVENUE BROOKLYN, N. Y. 
therefore, that Mr. Long’s mere demonstration 
that the heart of a deer lies but five-eighths of an 
inch below the surface of the chest, constitutes 
conclusive proof of his contention. 
The chest of many quadrupeds, when an an¬ 
imal is laid upon its back, presents roughly the 
shape of the uncrossed letter A. Even in a car¬ 
ibou, the apex or ridge thus presented is probably 
thin enough to enable as large an animal as 
wolf to grasp it between his jaws; but the heart 
is so far distant from the apex that only the an¬ 
terior portion of the jaws carrying the small fn- 
cisors would reach it, if, indeed, it would be 
reached at all. Assuming now that the iaws are 
powerful enough to compress the wide base of 
the “A” sufficiently to send the small incisors 
through the chest wall and heart muscle into the 
cavities of the latter, such a grasp could not be 
obtained unless the caribou were on its back, or 
the wolf in that position beneath the standing 
caribou. But Mr. Long’s contention does not 
cover this hypothesis. The wolf is represented 
as inflicting the fatal wound directly through the 
side of the chest—a practically perpendicular 
wall—as he was running beside or directly up to 
the caribou. 
The difference between enclosing the chest with 
the jaws over the apex of the “A,” and grasping 
the practically smooth surface of the side wall, 
appears clear. An exaggerated illustration of th»6 
difference is that between the edge and the flat 
surface of a board or plate. The former could 
readily be seized between the teeth, while it is 
impossible even for any animal to seize the lat¬ 
ter. If, then, the "board placed on its edge, be 
rapidly moved forward, and its surface be ob¬ 
scured by the interposition of an object such as 
the oscillating shoulder of a running deer, the 
task of the wolf in cutting into the heart at one 
snap, may be appreciated. It is true that in the 
original story the caribou is not flatly repre¬ 
sented as running. Just what was his attitude, 
except by inference, is not clear. That, ir> the 
curiosity attributed to him, he would stand ai 
rest till the wolf rushed up and seized him, doea 
not appear credible. Instinct would certainly 
lead him to spring away as the wolf jumped to¬ 
ward him; and the agility of the deer family is 
well known. But even, if the caribou were 
standing at rest, and full opportunity were pre¬ 
sented to the wolf to snap at the chest, the heart 
would then be somewhat protected by the shoul¬ 
der, and the task be made no less difficult. 
It is possible, of course, that lack of close 
knowledge of natural history such as Mr. Long 
possesses, is responsible for my skepticism. There 
may be loop-holes both in my premises and my de¬ 
ductions ; but if so, I do not now see them. In 
any case, I shall continue to- read such books and 
articles as he may hereafter write, with undimin¬ 
ished interest and with regret that opportunity 
to see the things of nature as he has seen them, 
was never presented to me. That I am not yet 
ready to admit the jaws of a timber wolf are 
sufficiently powerful to penetrate to the depth 
of an inch or more, the hide covered surface of a 
mass of bone and muscle as it is presented in 
the chest of a living caribou, is merely a point 
of disagreement with him, and does not consti¬ 
tute disparagement of his interesting and useful 
research work in the realm of natural history. 
W. H. Bentley, 
Brooklyn, N. Y., June io, 1915. 
FOR SALE 
Thor oughly trained 
pointers, English setters 
and hounds. Also some 
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Prices and information 
cheerfully given. 
GEORGE W. LOVELL 
MIDDLEBORO 
MASSACHUSETTS 
Telephone 29 M. Established in 1870 
