the plants commonly grow about 12 inches high. 
Adapted to practically all types of soil if well 
drained near the surface. Requires a warm growing 
season and will not withstand frost. Used mainly as 
a pasture plant. 
Meadow Fescue (Festuca Elatior). 20 pounds 
per acre. A deep-rooted, long-lived Perennial. The 
stems are 18 to 24 inches high, smooth, rather slen¬ 
der. Most of the leaves are produced by numerous 
sterile shoots from the root stock. The leaves are 
dark green, long and broad. Prefers rich moist or 
even wet soils, does not succeed well in sandy soils. 
Thrives as well as Orchard grass in shady places. It 
is better adapted for pastures than for meadows 
but may be used for both purposes. 
Millet. 25 pounds per acre. The millets are rapid 
growing annuals used primarily for forage produc¬ 
tion purposes. Requiring in general the same cli¬ 
matic and soil conditions as Sudan grass. The 
plants usually attain a height of three to four feet. 
The stems are erect, rather stiff and the leaves are 
long and broad. 
The seed should not be sown until the ground is 
warm, usually about corn planting time. 
Several varieties are used here in the Northwest, 
the most popular being German or Golden, Early 
Fortune or Hershey and Japanese, also known as 
Billion Dollar Grass. 
Mesquite (Holcus Lanatus). 20 pounds per 
acre. This plant is primarily adapted to moist cool 
climates and under such conditions is not particu¬ 
lar as to soil. 
The plants form thick, rather high tussocks. The 
stems are erect, growing from 2 to 3 feet high. The 
whole plant has a velvety appearance hence the 
name Velvet Grass is sometimes used. Mesquite 
should be sown with a mixture of other grasses, as 
stock does not take to it readily when grown alone. 
Orchard Grass (Dactylis Glomerata). 25 
pounds per acre. A long-lived Perennial forming 
dense circular tufts, a typical bunch grass producing 
no stolons and hence never forms a complete sod. 
The stems are 2 to 3 feet high and are crowned and 
surrounded at the base by numerous heavy shoots. 
The leaves are long, broad and flat, rather soft in 
texture. Grows in practically all types of soils, being 
best adapted to clays or clay loams. Succeeds well 
in shady places and also does quite well where rain¬ 
fall is rather scanty, starts growth. early in the 
spring. 
Pasture Mixtures. 35 pounds per acre. Owing 
to the fact that so many types of Pasture Mixtures 
are used, we realize that it would be impossible for 
us to prepare in advance mixtures that would con¬ 
form with the requirements of each formula recom¬ 
mended. 
Therefore we have confined our efforts to two 
Pasture Mixtures only, namely UP-LAND and 
LOW-LAND. In these two mixtures we use only the 
very best grades of seed carrying a high percentage 
of Purity and Germination and only those seeds 
that are adapted to the general soil and climatic 
conditions throughout the Pacific Northwest and 
for this reason we feel that either of these two mix¬ 
tures will meet with the average general require¬ 
ments. 
Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris Arundinacea). 
8 pounds per acre. A long-lived rather coarse Peren¬ 
nial grass. The plants are resistant to cold both as 
seedlings and mature plants. The rapidly spreading 
short underground stems soon form a dense sod 
growth, starts early in the spring and continues 
until late fall. The plants grow from 4 to 6 feet in 
height. The stems are stout, smooth and seldom 
lodge. The leaves are broad and nearly 1 foot long. 
Reed Canary is especially adapted to swampy or 
overflow lands of sandy, mucky or peaty nature, 
makes an excellent pasture plant and may also be 
used for hay. 
Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum Lam). 
25 pounds per acre. A hardy short-lived grass usually 
an annual. When seeded in spring, late summer or 
early fall, it makes rapid growth, furnishing graz¬ 
ing in remarkably short time. It is tender, very pal¬ 
atable to livestock and has excellent carrying capac¬ 
ity. The plants grow from 2 to 4 feet in height. 
Since Italian Ryegrass is a heavy seeder, if not kept 
closely grazed or mowed many new plants appear 
from volunteer seeding. Adapted to the same soil 
and climatic conditions as other ryegrasses. 
Sudan Grass (Andropogon Sorghum). 25 
pounds per acre. A tall annual, growing under fa¬ 
vorable conditions to height of 4 to 6 feet. The stems 
are fine, leafy, perfectly erect, seldom lodging. 
The plants stool abundantly and owing to the lack 
of root stocks never become troublesome as a weed. 
Sudan is grown primarily for forage production 
purposes and should not be sown until the soil is 
warm, usually about corn planting time. Many fail¬ 
ures are traced direct to seeding in a cold soil. In 
general climatic and soil adaptations for Sudan are 
nearly identical with those of corn. 
Tall Meadow Oat Grass (Arrhenatherum Ela- 
tius). 30 pounds per acre. A long-lived, deep-rooted 
Perennial. Strictly a bunch grass growing to a 
height of 4 to 5 feet. The stems are generally dark 
green, leafy above the middle. The leaves are long, 
broad and rather soft in texture, usually a bright 
green almost yellowish. Can be grown on prac¬ 
tically any kind of soil provided it is fairly moist, 
will not endure wet soils. It is one of the most 
drouth resistant of the cultivated grasses. Makes a 
quick start after pasturing and stands pasturing 
well. One of the first grasses to start in the spring 
and the last to die in the fall. 
Timothy (Phileum Pratense). 15 pounds per 
acre. A Perennial grass having a very short root 
stock and therefore grows in more or less compact 
tuffs. The stems which usually reach a height of from 
one to four feet or more are smooth and generally 
erect. The leaves are generally short compared with 
the height of the plant. Timothy is adapted to cold, 
moist or wet lands also heavy clay soils. However, 
does not thrive on sour soils or impoverished sandy 
or shallow soils. Although root system is shallow 
it stands drouth fairly well. It is very resistant to 
cold. 
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