29 
Violet Red. 
The day before this lesson is to be given, tell the pupils what color 
is to be studied, and ask them to notice all 
objects that are of this color, and as far as 
possible, be ready to name them ; also have 
them notice where the color is used in dress 
and decoration. 
In teaching color, even in its most ele- 
mentary form, we should have two general 
aims in mind : first, the careful observation 
of color for its own sake, — to develop a love for the beauty of colors 
in nature and art, — and next, the application of color knowledge to 
dress and decoration. This last feature cannot be taught by rule, only 
to a very limited degree, and must depend almost entirely upon the 
possession of a fund of facts that can be secured only by study and 
observation. 
Observation of color is the first step in color education, and this 
should be, to a great extent, the observation of colors in nature. 
One of the laws of color that will be observed, is that nature does 
not use the intense colors in large quantities, but enlivens her grays, 
greens and browns, with but little touches of blue, red, orange and 
other bright colors. 
To fold and cut the Pattern, 
i. Bring the opposite sides of the square together. 
2. Bring its opposite ends together. 
3. Without opening, fold for a diagonal from the raw, to the solid 
corner. 
4. Mark out and cut the pattern. 
To draw the Pattern. 
Draw the square first, then its diagonals. Bisect each side. Next 
place a dot opposite each of these bisecting points, and a little less 
than half way towards the center of the square. Draw the upper left 
and lower right lobes first, then the upper right and lower left lobes. 
Orange Red. 
To clearly and firmly impress the distinction between this color 
and normal red, the two colors should be 
studied together, then a number of mixed 
slips of the two colors should be given to each 
pupil to sort. Place a square or circle of 
orange red upon a green or blue green back- 
ground, and see if the pupils will rightly name 
the color. The effect of the background will 
be to heighten or intensify the orange red. 
This juxtaposition of colors is one of the underlying principles of 
color study. Two colors brought together almost always affect each 
other, sometimes to the advantage of both, sometimes of only one, 
and not infrequently to the injury of both. 
Any color placed upon white usually has the effect of making it 
appear brighter and deeper in tone than when alone. Any color 
placed upon black usually appears lighter by contrast; the black, 
however, borrows slightly from the imposed color, and is often per- 
ceptibly affected by it. A few experiments with large colored tablets, 
mounted or pinned upon sheets of black and white paper, will 
clearly illustrate the effects of these backgrounds upon colors. 
To fold and cut the Pattern. 
The folding for this exercise is just the same as for the preceding 
exercise. The patterns to mark out these exercises by are printed in 
the back of this book. 
To draw the Pattern, 
To draw the figure, begin as in the last exercise, by drawing the 
square and its diagonals and bisecting the sides, then draw the diam- 
eters. These guide lines should be drawn as lightly as possible. 
When the guide lines are placed, draw an inner square by joining the 
adjacent bisecting points by straight lines, the upper leftside first, then 
the lower right side, next the lower left side, and after this the lower 
right side. Divide each side into four equal parts by bisecting, then 
draw the curves from the corners of the outer square to the quarter 
points on the adjoining side of the middle square. 
Complete the figure by strengthening any lines that may need it. 
