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41 
Simultaneous Contrast. 
"In the simultaneous contrast of colors is included all the phenom- 
ena of modification, which differently colored objects seem to under- 
go in their physical composition and in the height of tone of their re- 
spective colors, when seen simultaneously." 
This is a contrast that is produced by the effect that a color, tone 
or hue, has upon another color, tone or hue. It is subdivided into 
Contrast of Tone, 
Contrast of Hue and 
Contrast of Color. 
Contrast Of Tone. This contrast is easily illustrated by taking 
two strips of gray paper, of different intensities, and placing 
them side by side. The effect will be to make the light slip appear 
lighter than it really is, and the dark slip darker. This difference 
is most noticeable along the line of contact, and the effect will be less 
apparent as the surfaces recede from this line; the light slip becoming 
gradually darker in appearance and the dark slip lighter. This ap- 
parent difference in the intensity of tone, caused by contact with a 
tone that is lighter than itself, is called Contrast of Tone. 
''Contrast of tone occurs with the colors, properly so called, as 
well as with gray." 
Contrast Of HllO. To see the eftect caused by placing different 
colors or hues in contrast, cut two small circles of red, and place one 
upon a sheet of yellow paper and the other upon a sheet of blue-green. 
The one upon the yellow will appear bluer or more violet than before, 
and the one upon the blue-green will appear yellower than its actual 
color. This effect is called Contrast of Hue. 
This contrast enters into all combinations of colors, as a color al- 
ways borrows a little from the color adjacent to it. In this way both 
colors are influenced to some extent, and the aim in color work is to 
combine such colors as will benefit rather than injure one another. 
Contrast Of Color. The combined modification in tone caused by 
contrast of intensity and the modification of the hue of a color, caused 
by contrast with another color, produces Simultaneous Contrast of 
Color. 
Rood gives this list of modifications; it is slightly different from 
that given by Chevreul. 
Pairs of Colors. Change due to Contrast. 
1. Red and Orange j The Red becomes more purplish. 
/ The Orange becomes more yellowish. 
2. Red and Yellow . . . . j The Red becomes more purplish. 
\ The Yellow becomes more greenish. 
3. Red and Blue Green j The Red becomes move brilliant. 
I The Blue Green becomes more brilliant. 
4. Red and Blue j The Red becomes more orange-red. 
( The Blue becomes more greenish. 
5. Red and Violet S The Red becomes more orange-red. 
( The Violet becomes more bluish. 
6. Orange and Yellow S The Orange becomes more red-orange. 
( TheYellow becomes more greenish-yellow 
?. Orange and Green ( The Orange becomes more red-orange. 
( The Green becomes more bluish-green. 
8. Orange and Cyan-blue, j The Orange becomes more brilliant. 
(Greenish Blue.) } The Cyan-blue becomes more brilliant. 
9. Orange and Violet ( The Orange becomes more yellowish. 
} The Violet becomes more bluish. 
10. Yellow and Green. . ... ( The Yellow becomes more orange-yellow. 
I The Green becomes more bluish-green. 
11. Yellow and Cyan-blue (The Yellow becomes/more orange-yellow. 
I The Cyan-blue becomes more blue. 
12. Yellow and Ultramarine Blue. . / The Yellow becomes more brilliant. 
\ The Ult.-blue becomes more brilliant. 
13. Green and Blue. . S The Green becomes more yellowish-green. 
( The Blue becomes purplish. 
14. Green and Violet . . . / The Green becomes more yellowish-green 
' t The Violet becomes more purplish. 
15. Greenish-yellow and Violet. ( The Greenish-yel. becomes more brilliant. 
| The Violet-yel. becomes more brilliant. 
16. Blue and Violet S The Blue becomes more greenish. 
I The Violet becomes more purplish. 
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