MHMH^H 
■ 
msmm. 
11. 
Normal Red. 
It is advisable to tell the children the day previous to the lesson 
that red is to be studied, and direct them to 
notice, and be ready to name, and bring in 
whatever objects they can find that are red 
i: color. Flowers, autumn leaves, and 
fruits, when in season, furnish beautiful 
illustrations of the various tones of red. 
Normal red is nearly the color of carmine 
(not aniline) ink, and differs but little from 
that of a ripe, red cherry. 
Red, when placed by the side of green, 
increases its intensity; green also increases the intensity of red. 
Mount the square in place by touching the back with four slight 
touches of liquid glue, mucilage or paste. 
To study the Square. 
Each pupil should be supplied with a square of normal red; this 
should be placed upon the desk directly in front of the pupil, with 
two of its edges parallel with the front of the desk. Study the square 
to impress its distinguishing features, and to teach the meaning of 
the terms that will be used in referring to it. This can be done most 
easily by questioning. 
Bring out the answers that the corners are all alike: 
that the sides are all alike in length ; 
that the lines are all straight lines ; 
that the opposite sides are parallel ; 
that the angles are right angles ; 
that the name of the figure is a square, 
Teach horizontal, vertical, parallel, right angle, square. 
To draw the Square. 
i. Place a dot to locate the upper right hand angle. 
2. Place another dot directly under this, and just as far from it as 
the length of the side of the square. 
3. Connect these two dots by a straight line. 
4. Place a dot level with the first dot, and just as far from it as the 
second dot is from the first. 
5. Connect these two dots by a straight line. 
6. Place a dot level with the lower end of the vertical line and 
directly under the right end of the horizontal line. 
7. Join these two dots by a straight line. 
8. Connect the lower ends of the vertical line. 
Let us look at our figure carefully and see in what way it is differ- 
ent from any other figure. 
Its four sides are straight and alike in length, and its four angles 
are alike. 
Normal Orange. 
Each pupil should be supplied with a square of normal orange. 
The color should be studied before the 
paper is folded. Next to red this is one of 
the most pleasing of colors, and is used ex- 
tensively in the personal adornments of 
many primitive people. 
In this as in red, the color sensation 
should be fixed in the minds of the children 
before its name is given. In water colors 
orange chrome gives the color. 
Have the class name as many different 
objects as they can that are of an orange color, such as flowers, fruit, 
birds, etc. 
To fold the Square. 
Bring the opposite sides of the square together, color side in, and 
crease it through the middle. Leave it folded and study the figure. 
In what features is it like the square ? 
Its opposite sides are parallel. 
Its angles are all alike, and are all right angles. 
It is a plain figure. 
In what respects does it differ from the square ? 
It has only its opposite sides alike. 
It is longer in one direction than in the other. 
Open the square and study the fold. 
It is a straight line. 
It passes from the middle of one side to the middle of the opposite 
side. 
It divides the square into two equal parts. 
The figure is composed of five lines of equal length. 
It has eight right angles. 
This line passing through the middle of the square and parallel 
with two of its sides is, for convenience, called a diameter of the square. 
To draw the Square. 
1. Mount the square in place and draw it. Proceed as in the last 
exercise until the square is finished. 
2. Find a middle point on the two vertical sides. 
3. Connect these by a straight line. 
A square is a plaiti figure having four straight boundary lines of 
equal length united by four right angles. 
Of what type form is the square one of the faces? The cube. 
m 
V^^M^^HB 
