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53 
Aids in Teaching Color. 
PrisWt A small glass prism is useful in showing that sunlight is 
composed of, and may be separated into the Normal or Spectrum 
colors. Such a prism may be bought for a few cents. 
Colored CrayOllS. For purposes of illustation of the color work 
upon the blackboard, colored crayons are almost indispensable. The 
best grade of these crayons are bright enough in color to give a good 
suggestion of the effect desired. 
The different hues are most easily produced by mixing the colors 
upon the blackboard. This is done by putting on the lighter color 
first, then rubbing the darker color into it until the desired effect is 
secured. 
Most of the blackboard work of this sort can be done best and 
most readily with a piece of crayon about half an inch in length, and 
the work done with the side of the crayon. 
Charts. A few large charts made of heavy cardboard may be had 
with but little trouble or expense. They will not only add interest 
to the explanations, but will help in impressing the various features 
of the work. 
These charts are most satisfactory when made of light gray card- 
board, but white answers the purpose nearly as well. 
The tablet of color pasted upon these cards should not be less than 
six inches square for the normal colors and the hues. For the scal- 
ing of the tints, shades and hues, one of the sample books of colored 
papers of the Milton Bradley Co. may be unbound and the slips 
mounted upon cards. These slips have the name of the color printed 
upon each slip. 
The following are the charts most needed : 
One for each of the normal colors. 
One of the scale of normal colors. 
One of the different tones of each of the normal colors, that is, each 
of the normal colors with its tints and shades. 
One for each of the normal colors and its hues. 
If it is desired to add to these, there may be charts of the tints and 
shades of the hues. 
There should beat least one chart for each of the Harmonies of 
colors. 
Colored Paper. To get the full benefit of these exercises the 
pupils should use the text book that is without the colored illustra- 
tions, and cut and mount the various colors as they are required by 
the text. For this purpose, and for the harmony of colors, each pu- 
pil will need the following named colors, cut two and one-half inches 
square : 
6 squares of each of the normal colors. 
3 squares of each of the tints of the normal colors. 
3 squares of each of the shades of the normal colors. 
3 squares of each of the hues. 
i square of each of the tints of the hues. 
i square of each of the shades of the hues. 
3 squares of black. 
3 squares of gray. 
The gold and the silver paper are best bought in sheets and cut into 
strips or tablets as needed. 
Color Wheel. The color wheel or color topis useful in illustrat- 
ing how the different hues are produced by mingling two normal 
colors. It is indispensable in forming combinations of Perfected 
Harmony. 
It is also useful in mingling the different colors with white or black 
to show the tints and shades of the colors, or to show what the broken 
colors are by using a color with both the white and black disks to- 
gether. 
Insects. A little case of the common butterflies, moths, beetles, 
and other insects of bright colors, will be useful in many ways, 
especially in interesting pupils in the colors of objects in nature. As 
previously suggested, the various objects of this sort should all be 
correctly named. 
GrOOd Pictures. Many of the paintings by our best artists are 
now so beautifully reproduced by chromo-lithography, and can be 
purchased at such a slight cost, that they are within the reach of all. 
Most of these pictures are good illustrations of the harmonious com- 
binations of colors, and they are well suited to interest children in 
color effects. 
Books. There are several inexpensive books that are helpful in 
teaching color, among which are the following : 
The Harmony and Contrast of Colors, by M. E. Chevreul. 
The Theory of Color, by Von Bezold. 
Text Book of Color, by Ogden N. Rood. 
Milton Bradley has also published several little books on color. 
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