26 
quality. For the attainment of the last end, the Ayrshires and the va¬ 
rieties from the islands of the English channel, such as the Alderneys, 
Guernseys and Jerseys, together with our natives, will offer, according 
to the fancy of different individuals, their different values. If we were 
to recommend any one breed, which promises best to meet all these ends, 
or an animal for all work, (as we say of the horse), we should put first 
on the list the improved Short Horned Durham. This breed, in its dig¬ 
nity of form, early maturity, readiness to fatten, generally good milking 
property, seems to be indicated as the breed, if one alone is to be chosen, 
for the farmers of Wisconsin. We would not, however, recommend to 
our farmers, as a whole, any one breed exclusively, believing that the 
ends of cattle culture can be the most perfectly attained by a selection of 
different breeds for different purposes. The law of perfection by division 
of labor, so effective in mechanics, is equally applicable in this depart¬ 
ment of industry. 
“ Permit us to call the attention of our farmers to some other points 
which do not seem to be sufficiently understood; and first, the terms used 
to characterize the different ranks in the several divisions of Durhams, 
Devons, Ayrshires, &c., such as thorough-bred, pure-blood, and full-blood. 
The first two of these terms, signifying the same thing, are understood 
by good breeders of cattle to belong alone to animals of either of the 
above divisions which have no mixture of blood. A pure blood or 
thorough bred Durham has all and only Durham blood—and so of the 
other divisions. But the term full-blood is applied to animals of any of 
the above divisions which have three-fourths and upwards to any degree 
short of pure blood, of the blood of the division to which it belongs. 
All others, with a less fraction than three-fourths, are called grades and 
crosses. 
“ We would call your attention to the importance of the Society’s early 
having some established standard by which to judge of cattle; in other 
words, a scale of good points, to the attaining of which it is desirable that 
our breeders of cattle should direct their efforts. This should be pub¬ 
lished with the numerical value of each point attached to it, that all may 
know what constitutes a perfect animal of the different breeds, in the 
ostimation of the Society. The influence of such a standard could but 
be great and beneficial. 
