219 
I have seen specimens of a variety of winter wheat raised in the west¬ 
ern part of the State, which they call the Yellow Farilla. It was brought 
from Southern Ohio about eight years since. It bears a smooth, thin, 
yellowish chaff, the berry is plump, clean and white, the straw bright 
and clear, but limber and does not support itself well. It is free from 
rust and smut and is a great favorite with western farmers. It produces 
best with early sowing. 
The best time for sowing wheat in this climate is from the first to the 
tenth of September. The best piece of winter wheat I ever saw in this 
State was sown the 28th day of August. As a general rule, however, 
that is a few days too early, and in a long, growing autumn the grain 
might get too far advanced before winter. But I am satisfied that nothing 
can be worse than late sowing. A field of wheat sown in the last days 
of October or the first of November is almost certain never to see a pro¬ 
fitable maturity. 
Wheat should be cut before it is ripe, rather than afterward. It is not 
liable to loss by shelling, is preserved from a late attack of the rust, the 
straw makes better fodder if used as such, and the wheat itself is better, 
as the following facts show. Three patches of wheat from the same field 
were cut, the first twenty days before maturity, the second ten days be¬ 
fore, and the third when fully ripe. The following was the result: 
GRAIN. 
FLOUR. 
WHEN CUT. 
r 
r 
' 1 
Flour. 
Bran. 
Sharps. 
Water 
Gluten. 
20 days before ripe. 
74.7 
17.5 
7.2 
15.7 
9.3 
10 days before ripe. 
79.1 
13.2 
5.5 
15.5 
9.9 
Fully ripe. 
72.1 
16.0 
11.0 
15.9 
9.6 
I have seen various calculations of the real cost of raising wheat in the 
Western States. How nearly they approached correctness it is difficult to 
tell. It is probable that the real cost, including the interest on the value 
of the land, the seed, and the labor of raising, threshing and cleaning, 
will amount to between forty and fifty cents per bushel. During the last 
three years the price of good winter wheat, for which the above calcula¬ 
tions were intended, has ranged from 70 cents to one dollar per bushel* 
