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influence. The beautiful in nature will be reflected in lines of moral grac# 
and loveliness from within. 
Having thus shown that horticulture, in its scientific and artistic pro-* 
gress has been associated with the highest forms of national development, 
let us dwell'more particularly upon the influence which it must exert 
upon the threefold nature of man. 
1. Gardening, in the extensive sense of both a science and an art, is 
pre-eminently favorable to intellectual development. No man can be a 
scientific horticulturist without an extensive acquaintance with natural 
history and physics. He must be familiar with the researches and the 
conclusions of the illustrious Linnseus, and those who succeeded him in 
the work of elevating botany to the rank of one of the most fascinating 
and popular sciences of modern times. A knowledge of chemistry is ne¬ 
cessary to understand the nature and properties of different soils, their 
adaptation to the nourishment and perfect development of all the varying 
families of plants, and to guide the practical gardener in the preparation 
of those composts by which his lands are enriched and prepared for all 
the different processes of cultivation. To secure all the important and 
often indispensable objects of irrigation, an extensive knowledge of hy¬ 
draulics is required. If, for utility 7 ', water is to be raised by means of 
pumps and other engines, or if for embellishment, the artificial lake, 
canal, cascade, and living fountain, are to be constructed, this science is 
of the first importance. In like manner, scientific horticulture cannot be 
carried to a state of perfection without the aid of a finished taste in ar¬ 
chitecture. The highest effect, especially in landscape gardening, cannot 
be secured without its aid. It requires the science and the practical eye 
of the architect, to realize complete symmetry and elegance in the ar¬ 
rangement of the arcade of graceful vines, the majestic colonnade of 
evergreens, and the charming specimens of rural perspective. Now in 
view of these scientific relations of horticulture, and others that might 
be enumerated, it is evident that it cannot be successfully prosecuted, 
without enlarging, in a high degree, the intellectual powers. We shall 
be conducted to the same conclusion if we view it in its relation to the 
fine arts. Herder represents gardening as “ the second liberal art, archi¬ 
tecture, ” according to his classification, being “the first. ,, In a district 
“adorned by beautiful gardens,” he says, “art and nature are harmo- 
