The milking property and the fattening property in cattle are somewhat 
opposed to each other. The same animal cannot unite the two and at 
the same time possess each in its greatest perfection. There is an advan¬ 
tage, therefore, in cultivating the two properties separately, as by that 
course each may be pushed to its greatest practicable extent. The same 
principle is recognized in regard to horses. Speed and power are opposed 
to each other, and hence to obtain both properties in such a degree as 
is required for certain purposes, different breeds are resorted to. A 
similar rule prevails in sheep. The finest fleece is not produced by the 
best mutton-sheep, and different breeds must be kept to fulfil all the pur¬ 
poses for which the species are required. It is true that an animal might 
possess in a low degree the different properties, but no one supposes any 
thing would thus be gained, and it is obvious that much would be lost 
by the amalgamation. It is so in cattle. If we would derive the highest 
profit from stock, it must be bred with reference to one primary object. 
Every breeder should decide what this object shall be, and select his stock 
accordingly. If the dairy-man wants animals for beef, or for the yoke, 
he will find it more to his advantage to procure them from persons who 
keep such stock, than to attempt to breed them, unless he has extraordi¬ 
nary facilities for keeping the several kinds. The grazier, on the other 
hand, will apply to the dairy-man for a superior milch cow. This course 
would be an approximation towards that system, which is acknowledged 
to be so essential to the successful prosecution of business in general. 
In regard to points which denote the possession of dairy qualities, it 
may be observed in the outset, that flatness, rather than roundness, 
which is the leading characteristic of fatting stock, is the form of carcass 
to be preferred. The head should be small, with muzzle fine, the face 
rather dished, and the space between the eyes wide ; a wedge-shaped 
head should be avoided as indicating weakness of constitution ; the eye 
should be large, full, bright, and expressive of mildness and intelligence; 
the horns slender, and of a waxy appearance ; the ears thin; the neck small 
at its junction with the head, long, rather thin than fleshy, but pretty deep 
and full at its junction with the body ; the breast not so wide as in cattle 
designed chiefly for fattening, but not too narrow ; the portion of the 
chest beneath the shoulders, deep ; the shoulders not coarse and project¬ 
ing, but well laid in at the top ; the back straight; the loin and hips 
tolerably wide ; the rump long from the hips backward, and the pelvis 
