482 
Spike cylindrical, very dense, (tawny yellow) ; bristles 6'to 11 in a 
cluster barbed upwards, very much longer than the spikelets ; perfect 
flowers transversely wrinkled. Annual ; flowers in August. Culms 2 
to 3 feet high. Introduced. Native of Europe Asia and New Holland. 
Wisconsin, Illinois, Ohio, Michigan. 
139. Setaria Viridis. Beauvois. 
Syn. —Panicum viride, Linn. Pennisetum viride, B. Brown. 
Spikes nearly cylindrical, more or less compound, (green) ; bristles 
few in a cluster, barbed upwards, much longer than the spikelets ; per¬ 
fect flower striate lengthwise and dotted. Annual ; flowers in July. 
Culms 1 to 3 feet high. Introduced from Europe. Michigan and Ohio. 
Common about cultivated lands, preferring a sandy soil. The seeds 
furnish food for the smaller species of birds. 
140. Setaria Italica. Kunth. 
Syn. —Germanica, Beauv. Panicum Italicum, Linn. Millet. Bengal 
grass. 
Spike compound, interrupted at the base, thick, nodding, (yellowish 
or purplifti); bristles 2 or 3 in a cluster, either much longer or shorter 
than the spikelets, barbed upwards. Varies much in cultivation. Annual; 
flowers in July. Culms 2 to 4 feet high. A native of Europe and the 
East Indies. Cultivated in Wisconsin as millet, under which name is 
included several different plants. 
Plate XI.—Fig. 2, panicle and upper leaf, natural size. 
a, a spikelet and cluster of bristles. 
GENUS 50. CENCLIRUS. Linnceus. 
[Greek : kenchros, Millet, a name improperly applied to tlais ^enus.] 
Spikelets two-flowered, solitary, in pairs, or more, inclosed in a cleft, 
spiney or bristly involucre, which becomes coriaceous, forming a decid¬ 
uous burr in fruit; the involucre sessile in a terminal spike ; styles united 
below ; glumes 2, unequal, membranaceous ; lower flower staminate or 
neuter, with 1 or 2 paleae. 
, 141. Cenchrus Tribuloides. Linnceus. 
Syn. —C. echinatus, Muhl. C. carolinensis, Waltr. 
Culms ascending, branching at the base; leaves flat; spike oblong, 
