Exhibition — Annual addresses. 
77 
their foundation principle. They “ live and let live fair play,” and 
no partiality or favoritism; each department recognized and con¬ 
ceding equal advantages, and the obligations to the social and civil 
compact and all the “ relations of business ” will remain properly 
adjusted, and the whole system of the economies answer the true 
purpose of its formation, and the highest good be attained by hu¬ 
man society. 
REMARKS OF GOVERNOR LUDINGTON. 
Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: It has been the cus¬ 
tom of the Executive of the State to address you; in order not to 
disappoint you, I will make a few remarks. 
The Nation is celebrating the close of the first century of its ex¬ 
istence, and at Philadelphia we are exhibiting the results and evi¬ 
dences of the progress that we have made in the arts, sciences, in¬ 
dustries and all the conditions of life. Wisconsin has no centenni¬ 
al to celebrate. She has occupied a position on the map as a geo¬ 
graphical division of the country, for only forty years, and it is less 
than a third of a century ago that she joined the sisterhood of 
states. That we may realize what progress has been made by our 
State, it may not be inappropriate for me to present a few 
PERSONAL RECOLLECTIONS. 
Thirty-eight years ago this ground which we now occupy was a 
dense forest. There was no road from Milwaukee to the interior 
of the Territory. The first road, which led to Madison, was sur¬ 
veyed in 1838. Immigrants were compelled to cut their own way 
through the timber, and the first wagon that went from here to 
Watertown was three weeks in traveling that distance. At that 
time there was little grain grown in the Territory, and none for 
market. The first load of wheat offered for sale in Milwaukee, that 
was raised in Wisconsin, was grown on Caldwell’s prairie, in 1840. 
I purchased it for 50 cents per bushel, and helped to carry it up 
stairs and empty it into barrels, thus earning the name of being 
the first elevator in Milwaukee. At that time farming was done 
with the most primitive machinery. The first cast-iron plows in- 
