482 WiSCOmiN STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
exports of butter from New York in 1875 were only 4,226,976 
pounds. 
MARKETING. 
One great feature belonging to the dairy, and which gives dairy¬ 
men an immense advantage over other farmers is, an organized 
system of marketing. The system was commenced at Little Falls, 
N. Y., in 1860-1—buyers and sellers meeting on certain days of the 
week in the open street to make transactions; for the business wa& 
then transacted in the open air by the side of the wagons. At¬ 
tempts have been made by certain parties to falsify the truth of 
history by representing that the first efforts to establish “sale days,’^ 
or a country cheese market were made at Utica in 1870. There is 
scarcely a dairyman in Central New York but is familiar with the 
fact that Little Falls had a regular weekly dairy market 10 years 
prior to 1871, when millions of pounds of cheese were sold annual¬ 
ly, and that there were no regular sale days at Utica until 1871. 
On some market days at Little Falls previous to 1864 several hun¬ 
dred farmers have been in the streets near the railway depot, each 
with his wagon loaded with cheese, boxed and marked wdth his 
name, while some twenty or more buyers were scattered among 
them and passing from wagon to wagon—some from New York, 
Philadelphia, Boston, Baltimore and other cities with an occasional 
shipper from England could be seen examining boxes, tasting, 
smelling and making bids for the loads. In 1864, the first weekly 
reports of the Little Falls market, then and now the largest interior 
dairy market in the world, began to be made. Previous to 1864, 
farmers relied on city quotations, which were sometimes thought 
to be in the merchant’s favor. But it was not until the early part 
of 1871 that a Dairy Board of Trade was organized, though the 
project was agitated in 1869 by residents of Little Falls. Here, as- 
in the origin of the dairy movement, Herkimer count^T- took the in¬ 
itiative, establishing a Dairyman’s Board of Trade, under the gen¬ 
eral name of the “New York Scate Dairymen’s Association and 
Board of Trade.” Soon after publishing and sending out circulars 
giving the plan of the organization and the rules by which it was to 
be governed, the dairymen of Oneida took copy and also established 
a “Dairymen’s Board of Trade” at Utica. The plan spread to oth¬ 
er sections and now many dairy centers in New York and in other 
states have their Dairy Boards of Trade at which merchants and 
