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Annual Report of the 
condensed and dry as mineral coal, it is equal to bituminous coal, 
pound for pound, for generating steam or for metallurgical purposes, 
and has a higher value in the production of what are known as the 
higher grades of charcoal iron, as is shown by the following tables: 
In a paper read before the New York Polytecnic Association by 
.J. B. Hyde, I find an analysis of eleven samples of English, Scotch 
and Irish peat, showing them to consist of 43.3 carbon, 48 vegetable 
matter, 6.T ash. Coarse grass-peat contained IT per cent, ash, fine 
grass-peat 3 per cent, ash, pitch-peat 8 per cent, ash, lower bed-peat 
8 per cent, ash, Abbyville 5 per cent., and Eschfield 27 per cent. 
And the ash from wood charcoal, as follows: 
Young Asli. 15 per cent. ash. Birch. 30 percent, ash. 
Old Ash. 11 per cent. ash. Canada Pine.23 per cent. ash. 
Beach. 37 per cent. ash. Norway Pine.25 per cent. ash. 
Willow. 6 per cent. ash. Hickory. 9 per cent. ash. 
Bituminous coal, New Castle 3.3, Welch 3.25, Scotch 4.25, Pennsylvania 4.75, 
Illinois 7, Indiana 7. 
Prof. Johnson’s table of relative value of wood and peat, give: 
Beach-wood split and dry 100. Peat, air-dried, containing 25 per 
cent, water, 100. Peat, hot dried, containing 10 per cent, of water, 
148. Peat-charcoal from condensed peat, 173. Peat, simply cut 
and dried, 80. Beach-wood charcoal, 190. Oak-wood, summer 
dried, 118. Birch, summer dried 95. White pine, 72. Alder, 65. 
Linden, 65. Red pine, 61. Poplar, 56. 
And also relative value of peat, wood and anthracite coal, in car¬ 
bon—wood 39.1, condensed peat 47.2, anthracite coal 91, Illinois 
coal 51. Compressed peat to a specific gravity of 1.160 give coke, 
1.04 specific gravity. Hard-wood, ash, elm 0.800 to 0.855 specific 
gravity. 
Mr. Hyde, in his paper, gives a table of comparative calorific power 
of several combustibles : 
Pure Carbon. 340 Peat from lower beds. 250 
Surface-peat. 277 Charcoal. 290 to 325 
Dry hard-wood. 100 to 140 Compressed peat. 237 
Specific gravity, 1,160. 
Intensity of heat from dense peat, and from coal coke about equal, and compressed 
peat charcoal more intense, as the fuel is more dense than wood coal. 
M. Berthier, gives the following table of results of tests of the 
smelting value of different fuels: 
