224 
WISCONSIN STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
‘market. This is the only safe rule for the farmer. The man¬ 
agement of the horse, in the stable and at work, is well under¬ 
stood in this country ; and as the horse has fewer diseases in 
this state than anywhere in the union, we can rely on his being 
a favorite in the market. 
The subject upon which the farmer has much to learn is, 
how to feed the grain and hay he has raised with most profit to 
himself. Economy in fuel is rigidly practiced in warming 
houses, in generating steam for the locomotive, and in shelter¬ 
ing the millions of the temperate zone from the changes in tem¬ 
perature. The same economy should extend to supplying an¬ 
imal waste, to keeping the proper temperature for the comfort 
of the animal in accumulating fat for the market. Food is to 
be expended in quantities best suited to accomplish the desired 
result. After taking pains to select the proper animals, to ap¬ 
ply manures and change crops to keep up the fertility of the 
soil, we cannot afford to permit the product of this labor to be 
squandered by injudicious feeding, or by permitting the animal 
heat to be wasted by exposure to the inclemencies of our win¬ 
ters. There should be no animal without shelter on the farm 
during the night time. An animal sheltered from currents of 
air during the night will sleep and rest with comfort, and will 
be fortified to stand exposure to the cold during the day. 
Young animals need grain in the winter with their hay and 
straw to promote growth as well as those full grown. 
The health and comfort of the stock depends much upon 
the location of the barn; this should be on the hill and not in 
it; or rather above ground on the east side of the hill. No 
underground room should be permitted in a barn—not even a 
vegetable cellar—but the air should have free circulation under 
it, and ample provision should be made for light and the intro¬ 
duction of the direct rays of the sun on the bodies of the ani¬ 
mals. Ventilation should be from all sides instead of one. A 
vegetable cellar of large capacity and well filled in its season 
should adjoin it. 
Feeding upon scientific principle should have more attention, 
but like other branches of husbandry, habit generally deter- 
