302 WISCONSIN STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
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climate corresponding with that in which the trees are to grow ; 
make out an order specifying the age, size and varieties de¬ 
sired, instructing them to give as many roots on the trees as 
possible, and to take special care to prevent them from getting 
dry or broken. The best way is to go yourself and select the 
thriftiest, best formed, two or three year old trees, as they will 
suffer less from digging and handling, and will bear the change 
from the nursery to the orchard better than larger and older 
trees. They can be dug more easily and will have a larger pro¬ 
portion of roots taken up with them than where they have 
stood longer in the nursery row. These trees should be stocky, 
well branched, with low heads—say two feet trunk for the 
prairie, three to four for the openings, and three to six for the 
timber. 
For the timber and openings, good two or three year old 
trees with a straight body of * the desired length without 
branches, are to be preferred, for on setting out we can cut 
back the shoot to the point where we wish the head to lorm. 
Low heads are the safest, but in the timber the bodies can be 
t 
left longer as the force of the wind is more or less broken, and 
before the protecting timber is all cut away the trees will usu¬ 
ally have sufficient strength and shade to withstand both winds 
and sun. 
When the trees have been selected, dug and labeled, they 
should be securely packed for shipment. The roots must be 
carefully protected with wet straw or marsh hay to prevent 
them from becoming in the least dry in transportation. On 
reaching their destination they should be placed in trenches, 
already prepared, each variety or bundle by itself, and the 
roots be covered thoroughly so as to shield them from the air 
and sun. Here they are to remain until they can be set out 
in the orchard. 
Setting out the Trees. —The ground for the orchard 
should be selected the preceding fall, and plowed deep and 
well—if subsoiled, all the better—leaving the dead-furrows in 
the line and just the distance apart we want the rows of trees 
