306 WISCONSIN STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
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given the best of satisfaction. The tree is vigorous when 
young, upright, hardy and productive; wood light brown; 
leaves broad, pale or light green color, and a little re-curved. 
The fruit is in size small to medium, round, flattened, and 
somewhat conical; surface smooth, yellow striped, splashed 
carmine and white bloom ; flesh yellowish white, fine grained 
and juicy; flavor acid, quality good. 
Red Astrachan. —This is another Russian apple which has 
proved very hardy in this section. The winter of 1864-5 
which injured many varieties so called, did not discolor the 
wood. It yields bountifully, and the fruit is of first-rate qual¬ 
ity for cooking and for market, and is free from the scabs that 
in some seasons affect many of our early varieties. Season, 
July and the first part of August. 
Duchess of Oldenburg is also a Russian variety, and has proved 
very satisfactory wherever it has been tried in this state. The 
tree is medium sized, round headed, sufficiently vigorous and 
perfectly hardy. It has passed unharmed through all our 
cold winters for thirty years ; and, as far as is known, seedlings 
from it possess the same characteristic hardiness. Fruit me¬ 
dium, regular, roundish oblate ; surface smooth; color waxen 
yellow, partially covered with distinct and regular stripes of 
red and carmine, often having a light bloom all over it; basin 
regular, wide; eye large and closed, cavity, regular, acute; 
stem, medium to long, rather slender; flesh white, tender, 
juicy, sour. It is a good cooking apple, and looks well. Sea- 
*• 
son, August to middle of September. 
Fameuse. —This variety is supposed to have originated in 
Canada, and is highly prized throughout the state, as a 
long test has proved its value. The winters of 1856 and 1864 
reddened the new wood to some extent, but did not injure the 
older wood or the bodies of the trees. Tree vigorous, product¬ 
ive ; shoots red, with abundant, dark green foliage ; fruit me¬ 
dium, roundish oblong, regular; surface yellowish white, 
nearly covered with deep red where exposed to the sun, but 
striped in the shade, and some without a splash of red on them; 
