PRACTICAL PAPERS-ORCHARDS. 
300 
tioDj as a heavy, limestone soil is much more favorable to the 
character of the tree. On light soils the fruit drops badly and 
is not of as good a quality, but on heavy land it hangs on well 
and comes to maturit 3 T . It is a Russian apple, and is much ad¬ 
mired b}r many on account of the size and beauty of its fruit and 
for its market qualities. There was not the least discoloring of 
the wood in the severe winters of 1856 and 1864, and we con¬ 
sider it as entitled to a place on the list of Iron Clads. It is 
somewhat liable to be attacked with the fire blight, but as this 
only affects one or two seasons’ growth, and is confined to here 
and there a limb it always recovers again in a year. The tree 
is medium size, spreading and very productive, bearing early 
and every other year. The fruit large, fair and handsome, con¬ 
ical, truncated, sometimes obscurely angular ; surface smooth, 
pale yellow, striped and splashed distinctly bright red, some¬ 
times shaded mixed red; dots minute ; basin medium, regu¬ 
lar ; eye small, closed ; cavity rather deep, narrow, regular, 
brown ; stem medium to short, stout; seeds large; flesh whit¬ 
ish, breaking,, rather coarse grained, juicy; flavor acid, good 
for cooking purposes and cider ; season September to January. 
Pewaulcee .—This variety is a seedling of the Duchess of 
Oldenburg, and has the form, habits of growth, hardiness and 
adaptability to our climate of its parent; it is a fast grower, 
constant bearer and long keeper. It has proved itself to be the 
nejolus ultra for the west and northwest, and especially for Wis¬ 
consin, as it possesses nearly all the essential qualities so long 
sought for by myself and the leading horticulturists of the 
West. We have fruited it for a long time, but have not put 
it on exhibition until at comparatively a recent date, when our 
state society commenced to offer premiums for the best seed¬ 
ling apple. Its standing among the competitors the record will 
show. Fruit medium to large, round, oblate, waved ; surface 
bright yellow, partially covered with dull red, striped and 
splashed with carmine, covered with gray bloom, and over¬ 
spread with whitish dots; cavity small; basin shallow and 
plaited; calix rather large; stem variable in length, with a 
fleshy substance on one side, from one half to an inch in 
