324 WISCONSIN STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
We have learned something of what to plant; and upon 
right knowledge here depends in a great measure our success 
or failure. The desire to multiply kinds has flooded our or¬ 
chards with too great a variety, without regard to quality or 
profit. The best paying orchards in America, by far, are those 
containing but one or two varieties. Every family needs 
twenty-five or fifty trees for home use. These may be selected 
to cover the entire season, arid suit the taste or fancy of the 
grower. Beyond this, plant such as pay the best—such as 
give the greatest returns of fruit and bring the best prices in the 
market. In the east they have the Greening, Baldwin and 
Spitzenberg, three great market apples. The great bulk of 
#11 the trees they plant are of these varieties. What have we 
to fill their places, as a market apple ? Undoubtedly the Fa- 
meuse stands unrivaled in its season, and is worthy of place 
as one of our great market apples. I believe the Pewaukee is 
destined to fill the season following the Fameuse and to well 
supply the place of the Greening. It was grown from a seed of 
the Duchess by George P. Peffer, Esq., and took the prize as 
the best seedling at our State Fair, competing for three years 
with all other seedlings. I consider it the more valuable as 
being a seedling of the Duchess, apparently inheriting the ex¬ 
treme hardiness of that variety, far excelling it in quality, and 
keeping till late in spring. We have no Kussian apples yet 
fruited in this country that are keepers, nor do I think we ever 
shall have any, unless brought from the south of Russia. Any 
apple that would mature so as to be of any value as high north 
as Moscow or St. Petersburgh, would be a summer or fall ap¬ 
ple here. 
There are several apples claiming our attention as late keep¬ 
ers, such as Ben Davis, Willow, Walbridge and Golden Rus¬ 
set. Undoubtedly the Golden Russet, if properly handled, is 
best in quality and one of the best keepers; next would rank 
the Walbridge, then Willow, and last Ben Davis. It is ques¬ 
tionable whether it will be found profitable to grow largely any 
apple for which its keeping quality is the only recommenda¬ 
tion. The Romanite, and perhaps some others will keep very 
