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[Jan. 5, 1907. 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
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APPLICATION BLANK 
190 
INCORPORATED 
MEETING ROOM 
100 West 31st St 
1st FRIDAY in the month 
By the presentation of One Dollar, one year’s dues from 
date, I desire to make application for the privileges of 
membership in the ■ 
Protective League of Salt-Water Anglers 
NEW YORK 
Name 
Address 
Occupation 
Introduced by 
APPLICATION BLANK OF THE PROTECTIVE LEAGUE OF SALT-WATER ANGLERS. 
Pennsylvania Wardens’ Work. 
Chief Warden John W. Criswell has made 
his first annual report to Fish Commissioner 
W. E. Meehan. He says that the records show 
seven regular wardens, including himself, and 
166 special wardens. Five regular wardens and 
65 specials made arrests during the year for 
violation of the fish laws. Many special war¬ 
dens who did not report arrests rendered valu¬ 
able aid in other respects, Sometimes directly 
assisting the regulars, and what is of even 
greater importance, by the exertion of moral 
influence in preventing violations of the fish 
laws within their immediate territory. In fact 
the majority of the special wardens have given 
evidence of a greater desire to prevent illegal 
fishing than to prosecute, and thereby secure 
one-half the fines imposed. 
The total number of arrests from December 
L 1905, to December 1, 1906, was 495. There 
were 441 convictions, 54 acquittals, 39 committed 
to jail, $14,362.50 imposed in fines and $8,522.50 
collected. Forty-two cases were appealed to 
the County Courts, 12 were disposed of, four 
were appealed to the Superior Court and two 
disposed of finally. Of the 495 arrests, 260 
were made by the regular wardens, 203 by 
special wardens and 32 by the State Police 
and constables. The regular wardens secured 
the conviction of 231 and the total collection 
of $3,885. The special wardens secured 188 con¬ 
victions, and the total collection of $4,637.50 in 
fines. State Police and constables secured 23 
convictions and the collection of $695 in fines. 
There were 31 distinct offenses charged. Of 
the offenses there were 26 for dynamiting, 34 
for illegal dip nets, 41 for short trout, 13 short 
bass, 16 game fish out of season, 26 for gigging, 
29 for outline fishing, 63 fish baskets, 26 ex¬ 
cessive number of lines, 55 fishing on Sunday. 
In most of the cases of Sunday there was also 
other illegal fishing, for which charge was not 
made. 
Many of the counties, especially counties 
where a year or more ago the enforcement of 
the fish laws was opposed, the masses of the 
people are coming to realize the good that 
is being derived from the work of protection 
and are agitating further protection strongly. 
Some suggest. stricter laws with respect to de¬ 
vices generally, but ask for more liberal laws 
on the use of rod, hook and line. 
According to reports of wardens, the dangers 
and resistance to officers engaged in enforcing 
the fish laws have greatly diminished among 
the natives of the State, but a class of the 
unnaturalized foreign element are still very per¬ 
sistent and defiant, and must be approached 
with care when arrests are necessary. Many 
put up stubborn fights to escape arrest, and it 
is often a hazardous undertaking to put them 
into custody. During the year one warden was 
murdered and two others seriously wounded 
while in the act of arresting unnaturalized 
foreigners. 
The constables of the State have been more 
active than formerly, and much valuable as¬ 
sistance was given by the State Police. 
Salt Water Anglers. 
New York, Dec. 23. — Editor Forest and 
Stream: I herewith inclose application blank 
of our organization. Knowing your sympathy 
with all in the protection of wild game and fresh 
water fish, I thought you might feel the same in¬ 
terest in the protection of salt water fish. Salt 
water fish are gradually being exterminated by 
the bunker boats and pounds. We have no ob¬ 
jection to food fish being caught for food, but 
unfortunately the vast majority of all fish caught 
are turned into fertilizer. The mesh of net has 
become so small that even four ounce fish can¬ 
not escape. L. H. Johnson, Sec’y. 
Tensile Strength of Gut. 
Mr. Douglas J. P. Haines; of Birmingham, 
England, has contributed the following to the 
literature of angling, with reference to the tensile 
strength of silkworm gut: 
To get more extended information as to the 
tensile strengths of the different classes of drawn 
and natural gut, I carried out careful tests with 
strands of various sizes in a dry unsoaked state, 
and after two hours’ soaking. For this purpose 
a spring balance was taken, and to it was attached 
a recording pointer, in order to obviate any likely 
errors in reading due to the sudden jerk caused 
by the breaking of the gut. On the bottom of 
the balance was placed by means of a hook, a 
small grip, and this arrangement was fixed to the 
top hook of a small tensile testing machine. A 
small grip, similar to that already mentioned, was 
fixed to the lower shackles of the machine. For 
testing, the ends of the strands of gut were bent 
over in a loop and bound with well waxed fine 
twine, to prevent their breaking at the places of 
contact with the grips. The ends so obtained 
were held in the grips, and by means of a hand 
wheel the strain was gradually applied until rup¬ 
ture of the gut occurred, when by means of the 
recording pointer the load (in lbs.) that caused 
the break was observed. 
Table of results in which the strands of gut 
are arranged in order of their tensile strengths: 
. Tensile Strength 
Particulars of the Tensile Strength, after 2 hours’ 
Samples Dry. Soaking. 
*3x drawn, 12in. 4 pounds 2% pounds • 
lx drawn, 13in. 5 “ 3(4 
Fina undrawn, 13in. 714 ‘i 5 
Retina undrawn, 33in.... 814 “ 6 
Regular undrawn, 13in. 9 “ 7 
Padron, undrawn, 12in.1014 “ IV 2 
3/5 Marana undrawn, 12in.1614 “ 1214 
4/5 Marana undrawn, llin'._19 “ 16 
*1/5 Imperial, undrawn, ll%in.. .1914 “ 15 
2/5 Marana undrawn, llin.2014 “ 1614 
♦These are the two samples referred to in tests of 
knotted samples. 
The necessity of soaking gut before commenc¬ 
ing to fish has created in many minds the impres¬ 
sion that dry gut has less weight lifting capacity 
than that which has been soaked. The foregoing 
tests are eloquent proofs to the contrary. What 
soaking does is to render the gut far less brittle 
and more resilient than it is in a dry state. 
With a view to ascertaining how much a cast 
is weakened by the shearing action of, and tor¬ 
sional strains imparted- by, the knots, I tested 
some knotted samples by the method previously 
described, arranging the knots exactly between 
the grips of the testing machine. If the sizes in 
the following table are compared with the cor¬ 
responding sizes in the foregoing table of the 
tensile strengths of single strands, it will be seen 
to what an extensive degree the strength of gut 
is reduced by knotting. 
Particulars of Tensile Strength, After two 
Samples. Dry. hours’ soaking. 
Two knotted strands 2.751bs. 2.01bs. 
3x drawn Klin. both broke at knots one broke at knot 
Two knotted strands 13.1751bs 10.251bs. 
1/5 undrawn Im- both broke at knots one broke at knot 
perial, ll! 4 in. 
The results given are the mean of the figures 
obtained from two tests. 
To a marked extent, the strength of a cast 
depends upon the skill exercised in knotting the 
several strands of gut together. Gut, when 
damped especially, is- a soft substance, and if the 
knotting is not skillfully done, one length is very 
apt to cut into and weaken the other, or the 
greater strain required to bring the knots into 
position disintegrates the fibre of the gut and so 
weakens it. 
The North American Association. 
The seventh annual meeting of the North 
American Fish and Game Protective Associa¬ 
tion will be held Wednesday and Thursday, 
beb. 6 and 7, in Quebec. The meeting will 
be held in the Parliament buildings, and as 
the Provincial Legislature will then be in ses¬ 
sion, and the president of the association, Hon. 
Jean Prevost, is a member of the government 
of the Province, considerable interest will, 
likely be aroused in the transactions of the 
association. 
One of the most successful baits employed 
in catching pike in . Lake Danford was accident¬ 
ally discovered by a farmer’s boy, who, hav¬ 
ing some milk in the bottom of his can, left 
it there when he filled it up with water to 
keep alive some small perch he had caught. 
Five minutes later those perch were a dainty 
white color, and proved the most killing bait 
which had ever been tried there. There were 
no worms in that country at the time, and up 
to that time the favorite bait for pike was a 
piece of red squirrel. When the little white 
perch were let down into the water to tempt 
the big pike, the black bass could often be 
seen fighting the big fellows away. The perch 
bait is now prepared for use in that part of the 
country by placing the little fish in milk and 
water, in the proportion of one part of milk to 
three parts water. E. T. D. Chambers. 
A Proposed Casting Tournament. 
We understand that the New York Athletic 
Club intends to hold a fly- and bait-casting 
tournament early next summer, with attractive 
events open to all amateurs and a few restricted 
to members. It was at first proposed to hold 
the affair on the club grounds on Travers 
Island, but this will likely be abandoned in 
favor of water in the city, as few anglers would 
care to employ their tackle on the salt water of 
the Sound. 
New Maryland Wardens. 
Governor Warfield has* appointed deputy game 
wardens at large for the State of Maryland as 
follows: John L. Kelly, Harford county; 
William H. Fowler, Cecil county; Charles B. 
Carr, Anne Arundel county. 
Fish for Carnegie’s Lake. 
Loch Carnegie, at Princeton, N. J., is to be 
stocked with game fish from the Government 
hatcheries. Grover Cleveland, with numerous 
others, signed the application, which was pre¬ 
sented at Washington by Congressman Wood. 
The Forest and Stream may be obtained from 
any nezvsdcalcr on order. Ask your dealer to 
supply you regularly. 
