Jan. 19, 1907. J 
phants, and perhaps, Mr. Adams has studied the 
.subject in Burma or Malaya, in either of which 
: provinces, it must be allowed, he would find more 
i encouragement than in the peel khana records of 
j [this country. Across the Bay of Bengal the birth 
of calves in captivity is common, as regards 
Burma, and quita a matter of course, in Malaya. 
In Burma the practice of turning the elephants 
■out into the jungle to find their own rations after 
the day’s work produces as one result frequent 
matings between wild bulls and tame cows; as 
another the not infrequent mating of the tame 
; bull with the tame cows. One of the most re¬ 
markable examples of the latter was brought to 
our notice by a forest officer some years ago, 
who, unable to credit the assertions of his 
natives, was at the pains to see for himself the 
actuality of a hobbled bull pairing with a tame 
:ow under the circumstances described. Further 
'south, in the Malay Peninsula, we have it on 
testimony collected by Sir Frank Swettenham 
that the fertile pairing of tame elephants is a 
regular thing and that the birth of calves is 
: taken as a matter of course; but that the calves 
thus born of tame parents do not in their turn 
reproduce their kind, a curious phenomenon on 
which more light is much needed. Malaya fur-. 
{nishes the case of the elephant in the state of 
domestication most nearly complete; but it falls 
very far short of complete domestication de¬ 
fending obviously on continual captures to main- 
rain the supply of calves bred in captivity. Mr. 
\dams may find encouragement in the situation 
n Malaya; but how far do the climatic and other 
, ronditions of a Texas ranch approximate to the 
limate and conditions amid which the tame ele¬ 
phant breeds in Malaya. In the one case we 
i and enormous ranges of grass land and com- 
(baratively little forest; for all we know, of 
Bourse, Valentine Ranche may. be an exception 
o the rule and offer large tracts of heavy jungle 
■suitable for elephant feeding. Such tracts are 
lot usually taken up by the long-headed Ameri¬ 
can who acquires land with the view of making 
noney out of it; but let us suppose that Mr. 
\dams has such country at his disposal for the 
purpose of his experiment. How about the 
| dimate and vegetation? In Malaya we find a 
dompartively short hot weather and a tfemen- 
ious rainfall and no cold season worth mention, 
with the result that the jungles are the densest— 
)r, let us rather say, as- more applicable to our 
present purpose the vegetable growth is about 
he richest and most luxuriant to be found in 
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