90 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
The National Nurseryman, 
C. L. YATES, Proprietor. RALPH T. OLCOTT, Editor. 
PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY 
The National Nurseryman Publishing Co., 
305 cox BUILDING, Rochester, N. Y. 
The only trade journal issued for Growers and Dealers in Nursery Stock of 
all kinds. It circulates throughout the United States and Canada. 
OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF NURSERYMEN. 
SUBSCRIPTION RATES. 
One Year, in advance.$1.00 
Six Months. 5 ° 
Foreign Subscriptions, in advance. 1.50 
Six Months, “ “ . i.oo 
Advertising rates will be sent upon application. Advertise¬ 
ments should reach this office by the 20th of the month previous 
to the date of issue. 
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Correspondence from all points and articles of interest to 
nurserymen and horticulturists are cordially solicited. 
Entered in the Post-Office at Rochester, N. Y., as second class matter. 
ROCHESTER, N. Y., AUGUST, 1894. 
ORCHARDS AND NURSERIES IN DANGER. 
Some horticLiIturi.st.s think that the San Jo.se scale, which 
recently appeared at Charlottesville, Va., and other points 
in the Southeast, will not at all affect the orchards of the 
North. We think, however,There is still danger owing to 
the peculiarities of this disease. If this pest will destroy 
thousands of trees in Eastern Washington and Oregon, 
where the winters are as severe as those known in New 
England, it is ver)' apt to attack our own orchards, and all 
the more so, from the fact that year after year the amount 
of fruit shipped in California, Oregon and Washington is 
constantly increasing, and this disease can be transmitted 
on fruit as easily as on trees, and in fact more readily, as 
the fruit is .stored in homes and warehouses, the packages 
containing them handled carelessly and thrown out into 
door-yards and from these the disease can easily be com¬ 
municated to one or two trees. After it has once gained a 
foot-hold it will be almost impossible to get rid of it. 
If the Pacific coast states hold to their quarantine laws 
the orchardists and nurserymen in the blast should see that 
the legislatures enact stringent quarantine laws on all fruit 
shipped from the Pacific coast, with the privilege of destroy¬ 
ing any coming from infected sections. There are other 
dreaded diseases, which, if once communicated to our 
orchards will cause the loss of thousands of trees. 
For some time the Pacific coast states have been mak¬ 
ing wan upon the trees imported from the East. It is be¬ 
lieved by many that this is simply because these trees are 
from the blast. The wc.stern states are no\v asking that 
their legislatures appoint in.spectors to destroy trees from 
the East. Many editors of western papers that are not 
posted on fruit and fruit culture, ask their readers if any 
good can come out of the East. They do npt wait for the 
reply from their readers, but the next line contains the an¬ 
swer which they give themselves,—“ No ; we must keep 
out all eastern trees,” without regard to the section they 
come from or whether free from disease or not. 
If many of our readers were to travel over the states of 
Washington and Oregon, they would be surprised at the 
shiftlessness shown in the care of not one or two dozen 
orchards, but hundreds of them scattered over these two 
states. We are positive there cannot be found in the en¬ 
tire state of New York an orchard which will show one- 
half the neglect which can be found in scores of orchards 
in those twm states. They are completely covered with 
moss, which forms breeding places for all kinds of pests, 
the Avoolly aphis, oyster scale, San Jose scale, and a new 
bark disease which has recently been discovered attacking 
and de.stroying many hundred trees, all can be found in 
great abundance. Hundred of orchards have not seen a 
saw or a pruning knife in years. These diseases can be 
transmitted from section to section by the fruit. Hence, it 
is absolutely necessary that we enact laws and wage war 
again.st these immense pest-breeding orchards which are 
found in the three Pacific states, Washington, Oregon and 
California, for the San Jose scale, which has recently been 
discovered in the East, and will without doubt crop out this 
summer in other portions of this section of the country, has 
been brought across-the continent on the fruit shipped from 
the Pacific coast. Unless these steps are taken, our or¬ 
chards, which are worth millions of dollars to us, will be in 
the same condition as those at this time in the Pacific states. 
We must agitate this question more and more and not 
delay taking active steps. The San Jose scale and Avoolly 
aphis are as disastrous to orchards as the peach yellows of 
some of the more eastern states. 
We quote the following Irom Mr. Schanno, member ol 
the Oregon State Horticultural Board, showing that 
this board realizes that this disease will spread and do dis¬ 
astrous work among our orchards : ” It is quite probable 
that it will soon be necessary to have a certificate attached to 
all fruit shipped East, showing that it is free from San Jose 
scale.” 
Can we entrust the great fruit industry of this eastern 
country to inspectors, when they show no leniency toward 
our own products which find their way westward ? This 
must be held in our own hands, thereby we can control our 
own interests as fully as do the nurserymen and orchardists 
of the Pacific coast. Eternal vigilance is the only thing 
that will save us. 
APPLE ORCHARDS SERIOUSLY AFFECTED. 
It is likely that the apple crop, which promised so well 
in the early part of the season, will be very small through¬ 
out Western New York and Southern Canada, promising 
