226 
STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
tions to which it has given rise have attracted the attention 
and monopolized the labors of the leading minds of the 
countries in which it has been established. The beet has found 
its supporters and adherents in the cabinets of kings, the 
academies of science, in agricultural societies and farmers’ clubs, 
in the machine shop, and in the peasant’s cottage. No other 
industry of modern times has so successfully harmonized the 
agricultural and manufacturing interests which have hereto¬ 
fore been regarded as inimical to each other, or has originated 
and supported so many subservient and minor interests. The 
manufacture of sugar has been established and successfully 
carried on in Prussia, Austria, Kussia, Holland, the Zollverein, 
Belgium, Poland, and Sweden. The total amount of sugar 
produced in these countries, and in France, is six hundred and 
thirty thousand tons per annum. Except in the seaboard 
towns of France, none other than beet sugar is used ; the same 
is true also of Germany, none but beet sugar is consumed in 
Paris, Vienna, Berlin, Dresden, Leipsic, or Munich. 
The average yield of sugar for the past eight years has been 
over eight per cent., and of molasses about 2.40 per cent. 
The reduction of the price of sugar effected by means of the 
substitution of power for hand labor, and the introduction of 
new and useful machines and processes is illhstrated by the 
following table,* shewing the average prices, exclusive of 
duties of No. 12 raw sugar in Paris from 1816 to 1865 inclu¬ 
sive, omitting the period from 1828 to 1854, daring which 
time the price gradually fell: 
Table showing the gradual reduction of the price of beet sugar. 
1816 . 12.5 cents. 
1817 . 11.6 “ 
1818. 12.1 ‘ ‘ 
1819 . 11.6 “ 
1820 . 10.8 ‘ ‘ 
1821. 10.8 “ 
1822 . 7.8 “ 
1823 . 8.6 “ 
1824 . 10.3 “ 
1825 . 9.9 “ 
1826 . 10.3 “ 
1827 . 9.9 “ 
1828 . 9.9 “ 
1854 . 
1856 . 
i ( 
1856 . 
. 6.4 
( ( 
1867 . 
( ( 
1858 . 
. 5.6 
i i 
1859 . 
( i 
1860 . 
i i 
1861. 
. 6.9 
i i 
1862 . 
i ( 
1863 . 
.6.2 
( t 
1864 . 
. 6.2 
i i 
1865 . 
i i 
1866 . 
i i 
Beet-root sugar and cultivation of the beet, by E. B. Grant, Boston, 1867, p. 19. 
