AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS. 
391 
where, in 1785, the illustrious Daubenton established, in the 
veterinary school, which still flourishes there, a “ course of 
agriculture and rural economy.” Subsequently, in 1793, the 
celebrated Thouin founded at the Jardin des Plantes^ of Paris, 
a “course of vegetable physiology applied to culture.” Both 
of these endeavors were successful, and the chairs then estab¬ 
lished have continued to the present time, having been occu¬ 
pied by scientific men of high distinction. Nevertheless, the 
first Napoleon, when he undertook the reorganization of the 
public instruction of the empire, and provided for the estab¬ 
lishment of several special.schools, so far underrated the prac¬ 
ticability of making special schools of agriculture successful 
that they were not included in his plan. And thus the initia¬ 
tion of that great enterprise which has since commanded the 
confidence of every enlightened nation of the world was left to 
other powers. 
To Prussia, Switzerland and Austria belong the honor, in 
common, of founding the first schools specially designed to 
give instruction in the applications of science to agriculture; 
the school founded by the illustrious Thaer, at Celle, in Prus¬ 
sia, the one established by Emanuel von Fellenburg upon his 
estate at Hofwyl, near Berne, and the Agricultural Academy 
founded upon one of his immense estates at Krumau, in 
Bohemia, by Prince Schwartzenburg, all three dating from 
the same year, to wit, 1799. 
The Swiss school, so successful for nearly half a century, 
not only as independently considered, but likewise as a model 
for hundreds of other institutions with similar aims, soon after 
the death of its founder, in 1844, began to languish and at last 
virtually discontinued its labors; and Thaer’s school was 
removed to Mogelin in 1806. 
« 
AUSTRIAN SCHOOLS. 
The Austrain school at Krumau, on the other hand, still 
holds its place among the leading schools of the present time. 
Being established on an immense estate, (originally embracing 
300,000 acres,) its natural facilities for imparting a knowledge 
