400 
STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
the institution. The expenses of the academy for salaries, 
instruction of every kind, library, buildings, management in 
general, etc., are about 34,000 florins (of 40 cents each) per 
annum ; the income from tuition fees, some 20,000 florins; the 
profits of the farm, about 6,000 florins; leaving a deficit of 
8,000 to be paid by the government. The school of practical 
farming and the school of horticulture, being considered insti¬ 
tutions solely for public instruction, are entirely supported by 
the government. 
SCHOOLS CONNECTED WITH UNIVERSITIES. 
Of the second class of agricultural schools, those connected 
with other institutions, especially universities, the number is 
less, though constantly increasing. The three most highly- 
approved by Baron Liebig, on whose special recommendation 
I visited them, are those connected with the ancient univer¬ 
sities of Halle, Jena and Grottingen. 
In this connection it is proper to make more particular 
mention of the agricultural agency known as the experi¬ 
mental station {versuch-station.^ which consists of a few acres 
of land—twelve to twenty—divided into small plats for 
purely experimental purposes, in the midst of, or in imme- 
diatate connection with, which there is a chemical and physical 
laboratory, and not unfrequently such accommodations for 
domestic animals and such general facilities for physiological 
investigation as are suggested by the problems of breeding, 
ordinary feeding, fattening, etc. 
Stations of this sort have sprurig up since the discovery of 
the applicability of chemistry to agriculture as a means of 
settling the formerly troublesome questions of natural fer¬ 
tility, manuring and rotation of crops, and so on; and if I am 
not much mistaken, as now established and conducted, were 
suggested by Baron Liebig. At all events, he attaches great 
importance to them and has been largely instrumental in 
their establishment in nearly if not all the German states. It 
is easy to see that, in the present undeveloped condition of 
the science of agriculture, such agencies are a primary neces- 
