28 
THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
cousins of Mr. Chase superintend the nursery. The 
opening is a promising one for Mr. Morey who, although 
but 25 years of age,’ understands thoroughly every branch 
of the business. He has practically conducted his father’s 
business for a number of years, having started when he 
was r6. He was one of the most popular young men of 
the place as was proven by his election last month to the 
office of president of the village, a republican in a demo¬ 
cratic town. Mr. Morey has 'another son, 16 years of 
age, who will step in and assist his father in filling the 
place thus vacated. 
That the nurserymen of Dansville are alive to their 
own interests is shown by the fact that they have an 
association which meets monthly to discuss subjects con¬ 
nected with the business. One of the principal benefits 
derived from the association is the circulation of lists of 
stock on hand. It was found that the growers were send¬ 
ing to other points for stock to complete orders when the 
very thing could have been procured in Dansville, had it 
been known. These lists are prepared by all the mem¬ 
bers quarterly. 
The transportation facilities of Dansville are not what 
they should be. One of the slowest roads in the country 
is the Dansville & Mt. Morris, connecting with the D. L. 
& W., and the W. N. Y. & P. R. R. There has been 
difficulty in overcoming the delay at Buffalo in the case 
of west bound stock. It is believed that the Erie will 
run into Dansville by May ist, and that facilities for both 
travel and traffic will be greatly increased thereby. 
GOOD APPLE TREES. 
There has been a great deal of printed matter on the 
subject of root-grafted and budded apple trees, and 
naturally that great power of civilization, the news¬ 
papers throughout the United States, have been glad to 
print anything that has the spice of a point in contro¬ 
versy. 
If we could feel that the writers who take sides on 
this important issue were doing their best to produce for 
their customers nothing but the best trees, we should 
think that some favorable advance were made in this 
branch of the business, but we are inclined to read be¬ 
tween the lines and observe that many pursue a course 
which is the most profitable for them, or one that they 
are compelled to follow because of unfavorable conditions 
of soil or climate. 
'With this preliminary, I submit the statement, that 
with favorable conditions, a good tree is a good tree, 
zvherever and however produced. A root-grafted apple 
tree, produced on a light prairie soil, is not likely to be 
good, neither is a budded tree, grown on a wet clay soil. 
A budded tree on a prairie loam is better than a grafted 
tree on prairie loam, because it produces more fibrous 
roots, most of which will be removed with the tree at 
transplanting. A budded tree and a grafted tree pro¬ 
duced on the thoroughly well drained lands of Western 
New York are trees of equal quality. 
If the above statements are true, and I believe no one 
East or West will take exception to them, then the ques¬ 
tion is not one of grafting or of budding, but climate, soil, 
culture and pruning. How many times have we noticed 
that a block of trees that is good from the start con¬ 
tinues so to the time it is sold, and as many times have 
we seen a lot that has not started favorably labored 
over without good results, everything in its history 
working adversely and without a final profit of good 
trees. Good trees can be produced by using healthy, 
thrifty seedlings. If grafted, then only selected scions 
shall be used. Suitable soil thoroughly drained, not 
with the idea of removing surplus water, but for the 
purpose of making the soil porous, pliable and areated, 
so it will retain moisture to react promptly after the 
cultivator, and be a suitable medium for the develop¬ 
ment of roots of the young trees, is essential. Early 
cultivation and anything that will assist an early growth 
in the young block will put it in the best shape to stand 
the trying ordeal of the first winter of its history. It is 
well known that the black-hearted trees of many local¬ 
ities are produced by very cold weather, on the late 
growing trees at the time the tree is one-year-old—the 
one-year-old growth being the future body of the tree. 
This is the critical time. If the young trees can be carried 
through this first winter in a sound condition the future 
of the block is assured. The dry falls of Western New 
York have matured its trees so that they stand what 
cold we have without injury, hence it is impossible to 
find unsound wood in its apple trees. The reverse of 
this is true in many localities, young nurseries having 
been wiped out by late fall growth and destructive 
climatic influences. Removing too many leaves in the 
growing season to make the body smoother, too early 
pruning before the coldest weather is past, and too late 
trimming after the growth has begun, all contribute. 
causes of injury that should be avoided in the production 
of good trees. 
The papers that are written to prove that budded 
trees are superior to grafted trees have emanated from 
sources where it is not usual to get in grafted trees a 
satisfactory system of roots, and diagrams have been 
lithographed, showing good budded trees and poor grafted 
ones to prove the point. 
Properly grown grafted trees on suitable apple soil 
produce a satisfactory system of roots, abundant in fibre 
and strength of character that will compare favorably 
with the very best budded trees that can be produced 
anywhere, and it is a knowledge of these facts that 
causes us to commend good grafted trees as strongly as 
we would cond.emn poor budded trees. 
Geneva, N. Y. George G. Atwood. 
