state Convention—Suggestions. 307 
He preferred graded to full blood cows for milk, and said he could 
realize better profits from cows raised himself than from those 
purchased in the markets. He thought there was a difference in 
the milking qualities of the various breeds, but that the great 
cause of poor milkers was the fact that they were not properly fed 
and cared for from birth to maturity. He advocated early breed¬ 
ing, and believed that cows could be made valuable or worthless 
milkers at pleasure. Good, generous feeding and treatment would 
almost invariably produce excellent milkers. The organs and 
glands were so developed and distended, that milk was the natural 
result under the proper conditions. 
SUGGESTIONS TO FARMERS. 
BY EX-VICE PRESIDENT, C. II. WILLIAMS. 
Farmers, as a body, grow very slow in a knowledge of their 
business. As a rule, they farm very much as their fathers and 
grand fathers did before them, and are, consequently, more behind 
the present progressive age than is best for themselves or the com¬ 
munity in which they reside. The great majority of them, in 
their farm management, look only to the present time—to the 
crops of the present season—without regard to the condition of 
the soil, but drawing on its fertility year after year, making no 
return therefor. A short time before seeding, it may be during 
the winter, they determine, as they did many times before, to sow 
wheat, or they may make a change, to sow or plant that crop 
which paid the best the past season, without reference to the 
crops grown on the land in former years. The result to be 
expected under such management, would be very short crops 
and, perhaps, not good prices. Short crops, because land has 
been exhausted by a long continuation of that kind of farming. 
Low prices, because the majority of farmers are farming in a 
similar way, growing the same crop and producing in the aggre¬ 
gate a surplus, and consequently depressed prices, notwithstand¬ 
ing the short crops of individul farmers. 
Again, in looking only after the present, leaving the future to 
care for itself, farmers in keeping stock, if they keep any, grow 
