376 Wisconsin state agricultural society . 
The Cane is a ripened shoot, from six to eighteen months old 
or until it ceases to bear shoots directly from its own buds. 
The Spur is a cane cut short. 
The Shoots are the growth of the current year until the fall of 
the leaf. 
The Laterals spring only from the buds of shoots, and are sim¬ 
ply the shoot reproducing itself from its own bud. 
The Nodes are the joints in the shoots and canes from which 
spring the leaves, buds, tendrils or clusters and laterals. 
The Internodes are spaces between the nodes—both these latter 
disappear in the stem. 
The Tendril is a twining support. 
The Cluster or Bunch is a tendril perfected into fruit. 
The Buds on the shoots occur only at the nodes in the axils of 
the leaves. They are of two kinds, growing side by side. From 
one springs the lateral, making its growth the current year; the 
other remains dormant, perfecting for the growth of the shoot the 
coming year. There are also the Blossom-buds which appear only 
on the tendrils, and the Berries , the whole making up the Vine,. 
Let it be borne in mind that the vine has no leaf buds andfruit 
buds distinctively, like the apple, but leaves and fruit come from 
the same bud, borne on the shoot, the growth of the present year 
itself growing from the bud perfected for that purpose the pre¬ 
vious year. No part of the vine which has once borne leaf or 
fruit will bear it a second time. 
SOIL AND PREPARATION. 
Until within a few years, a great mystery has been thrown 
around grape-growing, especially about the preparation of the 
soil and planting. Into this mystery it was supposed necessary to 
be initiated by some one who had served a life-long apprentice¬ 
ship. But thinking brains and practical hands have demonstrat¬ 
ed that the mystery need no longer exist, for it has been found 
that no more knowledge or common sense is required than in the 
planting and cultivation of other fruits, or many of the field 
crops. 
