THE NATIONAL NURSERYMAN. 
65 
Much good will undoubtedly result from the action of 
the legislature of the State of New York, appropriating 
$16,000 to be expended in the interest of horticulture in 
the sixteen counties lying north and west of Cayuga lake. 
This fund is to be expended in conducting investigations 
and experiments in horticulture; in discovering and 
remedying diseases of plants, vines and fruit trees ; in as¬ 
certaining the best means of fertilizing vineyard, fruit and 
garden plantations and of making orchards, vineyards and 
gardens prolific; in disseminating horticultural knowledge 
by means of lectures or otherwise; and in preparing, for 
free distribution the results of such investigations and ex¬ 
periments and such other information as may be deemed 
desirable and profitable in promoting the horticultural 
interests of the state. This work is to be prosecuted by 
Cornell University under the general supervision and 
direction of the commissioner of agriculture. This bill 
places at the disposal of the horticulturists of Western 
New York, experts and scientists upon whom they may 
freely call for information It is of direct advantage to 
the nurserymen to have such substantial support to horti 
culture upon broad and practical lines. In such legisla 
tion the importance of horticulture is recognized and the 
art is fostered. 
Important testimony regarding plant importations 
was taken before the New York Board of Appraisers last 
month. Frank R. Pierson, C. H. Joosten, Frederick W. 
Kelsey and others argued that Azalea indica and Azalea 
mollis, for instance, should not be classed together; that 
the former is imported solely for forcing under glass, while 
other kinds are known as nursery stock, grown out of 
doors. With regard to roses the gentlemen named en¬ 
deavored to show that all roses, except Teas and Noisettes, 
should be classed as nursery stock. Mr. Pierson testified 
that since the advent of large roses, of which American 
Beauty was the type, cultivation of H. P. roses under 
glass was constantly decreasing; that there were but few 
varieties of that class which were forced under glass, and 
that undoubtedly 75 per cent, and possibly 90 per cent, 
of all the roses now imported were for outdoor planting. 
C. S. Plumb, of Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind., 
believes that in the near future the cheap lands of New 
England, the abandoned farms, may be valuable as tim¬ 
ber preserves. He recently purchased for $700 one of 
these farms containing 361 acres, 225 acres of which were 
in woodland. Here is a farm, within four miles at its 
nearest point of a station on the Boston and Albany Rail¬ 
road, on a decent highway, with a fair set of buildings, 
with plenty of good arable land and excellent future tim¬ 
ber resources, selling at a lovver price than land can be 
bought for anywhere in the West to-day—and this in the 
very heart of civilization. The scenery gives spacious 
views of the character well known in Berkshire county. 
A beautiful mountain lake is only half a mile away. 
Lenox and Stockbridge are each less than fifteen miles 
distant, 
Frosts in several states last month seriously affected 
the grape crop. It is believed that in comparatively few 
cases was other fruit damaged. Nursery stock did not 
suffer materially. 
There is prospect of a usually interesting convention 
of the American Association of Nurserymen in Indian¬ 
apolis, on June 12th and 13th. The headquarters of the 
association will be at the Denison hotel. Reduced rates 
have been secured on all railroads leading to Indianapolis 
SOME CULTURAL QUERIES. 
Editor of The National Nurseryman: 
What is the method of propagating what are called 
“transplants" in red raspberries? 
In budding pear, cherry, plum and peach is the wood 
generally left in the bud or removed before inserting? 
What is the best way to propagate Hydrangea, p. g ? 
Can it be done by layers or from green wood cuttings in 
cold frame ? 
Canada. g. a. 
A. L. Wood, Rochester, probably the largest grower of 
small fruits in the country, says: “ Transplants of red 
raspberries are grown from small suckers, plants that come 
up from an old plant, and transplanted in nursery rows, 
three feet by four feet in the row, and then cut down even 
with the ground to put all the strength in the root. We 
also transplant what we call May plants, that is, young 
plants that come up in May from the old plants. They 
are harder to make grow than the suckers. They should 
be planted as fast as they are dug and should be kept 
from the sun. The best time to plant them is toward 
night or after a rain. The May plants will make the 
strongest transplants. Nearly all the large nursery firms 
use transplants when they can get them. They are larger 
than the common sucker plants, and they have much 
better roots. They will stand more handling than the 
sucker plants." 
Regarding the budding of pear, cherry, plum and peach 
Professor Bailey says: “There is some discussion as to 
whether the wood should be left upon the bud, but no 
definite experiments have been made to show that it is 
injurious to the resulting tree. Some budders remove 
the wood with the point of the knife or by a deft twist as 
the bud is removed from the stick. But buds appear to 
live equally well with wood attached or removed.” Dr. 
Sorauer says : “In the case of budding, the healing process 
can practically take place at all the points of contact. As 
the bark of the old stock has been split in the cambial 
region, the youngest splint wood remains on the surface 
of the wood, the youngest bast cells line the lappets of 
the bark. From both the regions normally new layers fo 
cells will arise which tend to fill up the interstices between 
the scion and the stock. Later on the scion itself will 
take part in the healing process, sending out similar callus 
