204 
WISCONSIN STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 
scribed. The milk stands in pails surrounded by fresh spring 
water until ready to be carted to the trains. It is then put in¬ 
to carrying cans holding from 40 to 50 gallons. The cans are 
completely filled, and the covers, which fit closely, are adjust¬ 
ed so that there shall be no space intervening between them 
and the milk. 
In filling the cans, if there is not quite enough milk for the 
last can, either a little water is added to make it as full as the 
others, or the milk is kept back and used for other purposes. 
These establishments are conducted on the principle of asso¬ 
ciation, and are called creameries—taking that name on ac¬ 
count of furnishing the New York market daily with a certain 
amount of cream. These creameries, managed on the associ¬ 
ated system, return to the farmer a much larger profit than he 
is able to obtain individually. The manager of the creamery 
not only takes charge of the milk, &c., as it comes in, but sales 
are effected by him of all milk delivered. 
Members of the association deliver milk night and morning, 
when it is measured and properly credited to them, and no 
further trouble is had with it on their part. 
Usually the city milk-dealers make contracts with the 
creameries for a certain quantity of milk and cream during 
the season, or for such time as may be agreed upon. 
Payment is made weekly, or monthly, at so much per quart, 
at the creamery, or at the nearest railway station. 
A part of the milk is skimmed and the cream put up in cans, 
which, when ready for shipment, are placed in wooden tubs 
made tapering towards the bottom. The space between the 
cans and tubs is then packed with ice, the covers fastened 
down, and in this way the cream goes to market, where it ar¬ 
rives in perfect condition. 
As fast as payment is made for milk-sales the money is 
divided among the patrons in proportion to the quantity of 
milk delivered. All the transactions are kept, of course, in 
the manager’s books, which are at all times open for inspec¬ 
tion and investigation. 
