ANNUAL MEETING. 465 
Concerning Site .—Congar preferred rolling land; would plant 
in a valley as a last resort. 
Brayton also preferred the hill because best drained; level 
land good if well drained. 
Plumb was decidedly in favor of “the hill,” for these rea¬ 
sons: 
1st. It secures better drainage, which tends to prevent frost. 
2. It insures ventilation or circulation of air. 3. High lands 
produce heavier and richer fruit. 
Brayton—In Northern Illinois, best trees on high, sandy 
land. 
FIRST HAY—EVENING SESSION. 
Aspect, Protection , $c .—Brayton thought southerly aspect 
bad for trees whose buds start early. Cold, dry air, most in¬ 
jurious ; west winds, on that account objectionable. 
President Hanford—Would choose a moderately rich, dry 
loam, an elevated site, and a western or south-western as¬ 
pect. In winter of '56 and ’57, some of my trees died on 
northern exposure, but none on any other ; still, northern does 
well if trees sheltered by belt of timber. Make trees self- 
protecting, by forming low heads. 
Congar thought protection of little importance; would plant 
close, and make low heads. Were not trees healthier without 
shelter ? 
Several members thought not. 
Plumb—Ho not believe in necessity of protection from 
winds ; they equalize the temperature of the atmosphere—a 
very important thing to be done—let them blow. Have given 
much attention and study to this subject; have notes of nu¬ 
merous observations. Would plant on crown of hill. Protec¬ 
tion from winter and spring sun , most important. Many trees 
are killed by alternate thawing and freezing ; bark expands 
and then contracts under influence of sun’s rays in February 
and March, and finally cracks. Protect by strips of board, 
wrappings of paper, straw, Ac. 
59 
