468 WISCONSIN FRUIT-GROWERS ASSOCIATION. 
nure or litter. Spring planting should also be early ; if not 
convenient to prepare ground at right time, take up trees and 
heel them in ; in all cases, carefully mulch immediately after 
planting. Thorough stirring soil, frequently, best mulch, hut 
apt to be neglected. 
Plumb—Plant in September, or early October, and have no 
trouble ; must give roots chance to form. Mulching important 
as preventive of evaporation of vital sap, by dry, freezing, 
winter weather. If we plant in spring, trees should be taken 
up before sap starts, and may then be planted at leisure. The 
well-doing, more important than size or age. What we want 
is the roots. Would cut back some in all cases, and usually 
three fourths of top. 
Congar would have all the roots, then leave all the tops ; 
hence preferred young trees. 
SECOND DAY—MORNING SESSION. 
The members met at 9 o’clock A. M., President Hanford in 
the chair. Subject— 
EVERGREEN PLANTING. 
I 
The President—Recommend early spring planting. Have 
practiced taking up as early as possible. If properly handled 
may be as readily moved as apple trees. Have planted nurse¬ 
ry trees after growth commenced ; would not commend summer 
planting. Much loss usually attends planting from the forests 
and marshes; over $200 worth of such evergreens were sold in 
Waukesha last spring—few or none now living. 
Plumb—Concur; earnestly recommend special care of roots; 
a few moments iufluence of sun upon the spongioles might ruin 
the tree; best time when buds first break—early May—would 
leave a ball of earth on roots to insure success. Evergreens 
from woods and marshes, as usually sold, not worth buying.— 
During past two years there have been sold in Madison, over 
$1000 worth of such trees; almost none now living. State has 
been humbugged long enough with wild evergreens. 
